| Republic of Turkmenistan Respublika Türkmenistan |
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Anthem: Independent, Neutral, Turkmenistan State Anthem
"Garaşsyz, Bitarap Türkmenistanyň Döwlet Gimni"
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Capital
(and largest city) | Ashgabat
37°58′N58°20′E / 37.967°N 58.333°E / 37.967; 58.333 |
| Official language(s) | Turkmen |
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Language of interethnic
communication | Russian |
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| Ethnic groups (2003) | Turkmen 85%
Uzbek 5%
Russian 4%
other 6% |
| Demonym | Turkmen |
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| Government | Presidential republic, de factoSingle-party state |
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| - | President | Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow |
| Legislature | Mejlis |
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| Independence | from the Soviet Union |
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| - | Declared | 27 October 1991 |
| - | Recognized | 25 December 1991 |
| Area |
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| - | Total | 491,210 km2 [1](52nd)
188,456 sq mi |
| - | Water (%) | 4.9 |
| Population |
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| - | 2009 estimate | 5,110,000[2] (112th) |
| - | Density | 10.5/km2 (208th)
27.1/sq mi |
| GDP (PPP) | 2011 estimate |
| - | Total | $43.359 billion[3] |
| - | Per capita | $7,846[3] |
| GDP (nominal) | 2011 estimate |
| - | Total | $25.742 billion[3] |
| - | Per capita | $4,658[3] |
| HDI (2011) | 0.686[4] (medium) (102th) |
| Currency | Turkmen new manat (TMT) |
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| Time zone | TMT (UTC+5) |
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| - | Summer (DST) | not observed (UTC+5) |
| Drives on the | right |
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| ISO 3166 code | TM |
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| Internet TLD | .tm |
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| Calling code | 993 |
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