| People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国
Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó |
|---|
|
Anthem:
"March of the Volunteers"
《义勇军进行曲》 (Pinyin: "Yìyǒngjūn Jìnxíngqǔ")
|
Area controlled by China is in dark green.
Claimed but uncontrolled regions are in light green. |
| Capital | Beijing (Peking)
39°55′N116°23′E / 39.917°N 116.383°E / 39.917; 116.383 |
| Largest city | Shanghai[1][2] |
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| Official language(s) | Standard Chinese[3] |
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| Recognised regional languages | Mongolian, Tibetan, Uyghur, Zhuang, and various others |
| Official written language | Vernacular Chinese |
| Official script | Simplified Chinese[3] |
| Ethnic groups | 91.51% Han;[4] 55 recognised minorities
|
| Demonym | Chinese |
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| Government | Nominally Marxist–Leninistsingle-party state[5][a] |
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| - | Paramount Leader[b] | Hu Jintao |
| - | Premier | Wen Jiabao |
| - | Congress Chairman | Wu Bangguo |
| - | Conference Chairman | Jia Qinglin |
| Legislature | National People's Congress |
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| Establishment |
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| - | Unification of China under the Qin Dynasty | 221 BC |
| - | Republic established | 1 January 1912 |
| - | People's Republic proclaimed | 1 October 1949 |
| Area |
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| - | Total | 9,640,821 km2 [c] or 9,671,018 km² [c](3rd/4th)
3,704,427 sq mi |
| - | Water (%) | 2.8[d] |
| Population |
|---|
| - | 2010 census | 1,339,724,852[4] (1st) |
| - | Density | 139.6/km2 (53rd)
363.3/sq mi |
| GDP (PPP) | 2011 estimate |
| - | Total | $11.299 trillion[6] (2nd) |
| - | Per capita | $8,382[6] (91st) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2011 estimate |
| - | Total | $7.298 trillion[6] (2nd) |
| - | Per capita | $5,413[6] (90th) |
| Gini (2007) | 41.5[7] |
| HDI (2011) |  0.687[8] (medium) (101st) |
| Currency | Renminbi (yuan) (¥) (CNY) |
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| Time zone | China Standard Time(UTC+8) |
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| Date formats | yyyy-mm-dd
or yyyy年m月d日
(CE; CE-1949) |
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| Drives on the | right, except for Hong Kong & Macau |
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| ISO 3166 code | CN |
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| Internet TLD | .cn[c].中國[9].中国 |
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| Calling code | +86[c] |
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| a. ^ Simple characterizations of the political structure since the 1980s are no longer possible.[10] b. ^ As paramount leader, Hu Jintao holds four concurrent positions: General Secretary of the Communist Party of China, President of the People's Republic of China, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission for both state and party.[11] c. ^ 9,598,086 km2 (3,705,842 sq mi) excludes all disputed territories.
9,640,821 km2 (3,722,342 sq mi) Includes Chinese-administered area (Aksai Chin and Trans-Karakoram Tract, both territories claimed by India), Taiwan is not included.[12] d. ^ Information for mainland China only. Hong Kong, Macau, and territories under the jurisdiction of the Republic of China (Taiwan) are excluded. |
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0.687