China Demographics Profile 2012

Population

1,336,718,015 (July 2011 est.)

Age structure

0-14 years: 17.6% (male 126,634,384/female 108,463,142)
15-64 years: 73.6% (male 505,326,577/female 477,953,883)
65 years and over: 8.9% (male 56,823,028/female 61,517,001) (2011 est.)

Median age

total: 35.5 years
male: 34.9 years
female: 36.2 years (2011 est.)

Population growth rate

0.493% (2011 est.)

Birth rate

12.29 births/1,000 population (2011 est.)

Death rate

7.03 deaths/1,000 population (July 2011 est.)

Net migration rate

-0.33 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2011 est.)

Urbanization

urban population: 47% of total population (2010)
rate of urbanization: 2.3% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.133 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.17 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.93 male(s)/female
total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2011 est.)

Infant mortality rate

total: 16.06 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 15.61 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 16.57 deaths/1,000 live births (2011 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 74.68 years
male: 72.68 years
female: 76.94 years (2011 est.)

Total fertility rate

1.54 children born/woman (2011 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate

0.1% (2009 est.)

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS

740,000 (2009 est.)

HIV/AIDS - deaths

26,000 (2009 est.)

Major infectious diseases

degree of risk: intermediate
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: Japanese encephalitis and dengue fever
soil contact disease: hantaviral hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS)
animal contact disease: rabies
note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)

Nationality

noun: Chinese (singular and plural)
adjective: Chinese

Ethnic groups

Han Chinese 91.5%, Zhuang, Manchu, Hui, Miao, Uighur, Tujia, Yi, Mongol, Tibetan, Buyi, Dong, Yao, Korean, and other nationalities 8.5% (2000 census)

Religions

Daoist (Taoist), Buddhist, Christian 3%-4%, Muslim 1%-2%
note: officially atheist (2002 est.)

Languages

Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry)
note: Mongolian is official in Nei Mongol, Uighur is official in Xinjiang Uygur, and Tibetan is official in Xizang (Tibet)

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 92.2%
male: 96%
female: 88.5% (2008 census)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

total: 12 years
male: 11 years
female: 12 years (2009)

Education expenditures

NA

Maternal mortality rate

38 deaths/100,000 live births (2008)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

8.7% (2000)

Health expenditures

4.6% of GDP (2009)

Physicians density

1.415 physicians/1,000 population (2009)

Hospital bed density

4.06 beds/1,000 population (2009)

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

2.9% (2002)