Turkey - Forest rents (% of GDP)

Forest rents (% of GDP) in Turkey was 0.097 as of 2019. Its highest value over the past 49 years was 0.550 in 1981, while its lowest value was 0.052 in 2005.

Definition: Forest rents are roundwood harvest times the product of average prices and a region-specific rental rate.

Source: Estimates based on sources and methods described in "The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium" (World Bank, 2011).

See also:

Year Value
1970 0.393
1971 0.396
1972 0.347
1973 0.414
1974 0.512
1975 0.306
1976 0.350
1977 0.292
1978 0.372
1979 0.314
1980 0.545
1981 0.550
1982 0.454
1983 0.392
1984 0.401
1985 0.319
1986 0.367
1987 0.299
1988 0.353
1989 0.226
1990 0.152
1991 0.149
1992 0.186
1993 0.168
1994 0.186
1995 0.178
1996 0.175
1997 0.143
1998 0.084
1999 0.091
2000 0.077
2001 0.092
2002 0.077
2003 0.073
2004 0.063
2005 0.052
2006 0.061
2007 0.062
2008 0.066
2009 0.067
2010 0.063
2011 0.069
2012 0.065
2013 0.057
2014 0.062
2015 0.061
2016 0.064
2017 0.079
2018 0.095
2019 0.097

Development Relevance: Accounting for the contribution of natural resources to economic output is important in building an analytical framework for sustainable development. In some countries earnings from natural resources, especially from fossil fuels and minerals, account for a sizable share of GDP, and much of these earnings come in the form of economic rents - revenues above the cost of extracting the resources. Natural resources give rise to economic rents because they are not produced. For produced goods and services competitive forces expand supply until economic profits are driven to zero, but natural resources in fixed supply often command returns well in excess of their cost of production. Rents from nonrenewable resources - fossil fuels and minerals - as well as rents from overharvesting of forests indicate the liquidation of a country's capital stock. When countries use such rents to support current consumption rather than to invest in new capital to replace what is being used up, they are, in effect, borrowing against their future.

Limitations and Exceptions: This definition of economic rent differs from that used in the System of National Accounts, where rents are a form of property income, consisting of payments to landowners by a tenant for the use of the land or payments to the owners of subsoil assets by institutional units permitting them to extract subsoil deposits.

Statistical Concept and Methodology: The estimates of natural resources rents are calculated as the difference between the price of a commodity and the average cost of producing it. This is done by estimating the world price of units of specific commodities and subtracting estimates of average unit costs of extraction or harvesting costs (including a normal return on capital). These unit rents are then multiplied by the physical quantities countries extract or harvest to determine the rents for each commodity as a share of gross domestic product (GDP).

Aggregation method: Weighted average

Periodicity: Annual

Classification

Topic: Environment Indicators

Sub-Topic: Natural resources contribution to GDP