Myanmar - Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies within region (% of total merchandise exports)

Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies within region (% of total merchandise exports) in Myanmar was 53.35 as of 2020. Its highest value over the past 60 years was 76.54 in 2014, while its lowest value was 3.99 in 1972.

Definition: Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies within region are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to other low- and middle-income economies in the same World Bank region as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data. No figures are shown for high-income economies, because they are a separate category in the World Bank classification of economies.

Source: World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.

See also:

Year Value
1960 22.92
1961 33.19
1962 19.15
1963 21.92
1964 26.78
1965 26.63
1966 16.77
1967 19.03
1968 10.13
1969 6.84
1970 12.65
1971 11.52
1972 3.99
1973 6.71
1974 22.62
1975 21.82
1976 35.26
1977 19.00
1978 11.92
1979 19.02
1980 14.96
1981 12.94
1982 12.94
1983 12.94
1984 12.94
1985 12.94
1986 12.94
1987 12.94
1988 12.94
1989 12.94
1990 25.87
1991 22.60
1992 22.09
1993 25.58
1994 23.89
1995 26.14
1996 20.48
1997 13.31
1998 11.62
1999 20.10
2000 12.89
2001 24.29
2002 26.14
2003 28.22
2004 37.91
2005 42.99
2006 46.97
2007 45.17
2008 54.16
2009 48.45
2010 50.65
2011 62.36
2012 47.68
2013 70.08
2014 76.54
2015 72.04
2016 63.92
2017 61.64
2018 55.57
2019 53.76
2020 53.35

Development Relevance: The relative importance of intraregional trade is higher for both landlocked countries and small countries with close trade links to the largest regional economy. For most low- and middle-income economies - especially smaller ones - there is a "geographic bias" favoring intraregional trade. Despite the broad trend toward globalization and the reduction of trade barriers, the relative share of intraregional trade increased for most economies between 1999 and 2010. This is due partly to trade-related advantages, such as proximity, lower transport costs, increased knowledge from repeated interaction, and cultural and historical affinity. The direction of trade is also influenced by preferential trade agreements that a country has made with other economies. Though formal agreements on trade liberalization do not automatically increase trade, they nevertheless affect the direction of trade between the participating economies.

Limitations and Exceptions: Data on exports and imports are from the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) Direction of Trade database and should be broadly consistent with data from other sources, such as the United Nations Statistics Division's Commodity Trade (Comtrade) database. All high-income economies and major low- and middle-income economies report trade data to the IMF on a timely basis, covering about 85 percent of trade for recent years. Trade data for less timely reporters and for countries that do not report are estimated using reports of trading partner countries. Therefore, data on trade between developing and high-income economies should be generally complete. But trade flows between many low- and middle-income economies - particularly those in Sub-Saharan Africa - are not well recorded, and the value of trade among low- and middle-income economies may be understated.

Aggregation method: Weighted average

Periodicity: Annual

Classification

Topic: Private Sector & Trade Indicators

Sub-Topic: Exports