Mali - Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies within region (% of total merchandise exports)

Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies within region (% of total merchandise exports) in Mali was 10.08 as of 2020. Its highest value over the past 59 years was 91.54 in 1966, while its lowest value was 2.41 in 1991.

Definition: Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies within region are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to other low- and middle-income economies in the same World Bank region as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data. No figures are shown for high-income economies, because they are a separate category in the World Bank classification of economies.

Source: World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.

See also:

Year Value
1961 52.14
1962 43.56
1963 60.50
1964 48.17
1965 87.74
1966 91.54
1967 82.93
1968 45.06
1969 69.95
1970 61.19
1971 50.83
1972 46.10
1973 41.60
1974 34.88
1975 47.23
1976 23.26
1977 18.79
1978 23.95
1979 24.19
1980 22.70
1981 31.68
1982 56.41
1983 9.35
1984 7.59
1985 5.45
1986 8.59
1987 67.57
1988 6.36
1989 4.38
1990 5.97
1991 2.41
1992 10.23
1993 7.18
1994 4.07
1995 4.16
1996 6.92
1997 3.90
1998 5.50
1999 3.26
2000 77.97
2001 44.18
2002 9.31
2003 11.12
2004 45.78
2005 45.28
2006 78.06
2007 76.08
2008 73.88
2009 74.19
2010 67.24
2011 71.63
2012 51.12
2013 51.64
2014 49.15
2015 49.36
2016 61.48
2017 59.31
2018 16.11
2019 15.76
2020 10.08

Development Relevance: The relative importance of intraregional trade is higher for both landlocked countries and small countries with close trade links to the largest regional economy. For most low- and middle-income economies - especially smaller ones - there is a "geographic bias" favoring intraregional trade. Despite the broad trend toward globalization and the reduction of trade barriers, the relative share of intraregional trade increased for most economies between 1999 and 2010. This is due partly to trade-related advantages, such as proximity, lower transport costs, increased knowledge from repeated interaction, and cultural and historical affinity. The direction of trade is also influenced by preferential trade agreements that a country has made with other economies. Though formal agreements on trade liberalization do not automatically increase trade, they nevertheless affect the direction of trade between the participating economies.

Limitations and Exceptions: Data on exports and imports are from the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) Direction of Trade database and should be broadly consistent with data from other sources, such as the United Nations Statistics Division's Commodity Trade (Comtrade) database. All high-income economies and major low- and middle-income economies report trade data to the IMF on a timely basis, covering about 85 percent of trade for recent years. Trade data for less timely reporters and for countries that do not report are estimated using reports of trading partner countries. Therefore, data on trade between developing and high-income economies should be generally complete. But trade flows between many low- and middle-income economies - particularly those in Sub-Saharan Africa - are not well recorded, and the value of trade among low- and middle-income economies may be understated.

Aggregation method: Weighted average

Periodicity: Annual

Classification

Topic: Private Sector & Trade Indicators

Sub-Topic: Exports