Madagascar - Research and development expenditure

Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)

Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) in Madagascar was 0.013 as of 2017. Its highest value over the past 20 years was 0.291 in 2003, while its lowest value was 0.013 in 2016.

Definition: Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/)

See also:

Year Value
1997 0.183
1998 0.094
1999 0.083
2000 0.100
2001 0.182
2002 0.202
2003 0.291
2004 0.193
2005 0.151
2006 0.141
2007 0.121
2008 0.118
2009 0.131
2010 0.099
2011 0.091
2014 0.013
2016 0.013
2017 0.013

Classification

Topic: Infrastructure Indicators

Sub-Topic: Technology