Kazakhstan - Research and development expenditure

Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)

Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) in Kazakhstan was 0.117 as of 2018. Its highest value over the past 21 years was 0.293 in 1997, while its lowest value was 0.117 in 2018.

Definition: Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/)

See also:

Year Value
1997 0.293
1998 0.220
1999 0.184
2000 0.181
2001 0.220
2002 0.255
2003 0.252
2004 0.248
2005 0.284
2006 0.243
2007 0.209
2008 0.217
2009 0.229
2010 0.153
2011 0.153
2012 0.165
2013 0.171
2014 0.167
2015 0.170
2016 0.142
2017 0.127
2018 0.117

Classification

Topic: Infrastructure Indicators

Sub-Topic: Technology