Italy - School enrollment, tertiary, female (% gross)

The value for School enrollment, tertiary, female (% gross) in Italy was 76.20 as of 2019. As the graph below shows, over the past 48 years this indicator reached a maximum value of 78.65 in 2009 and a minimum value of 12.84 in 1971.

Definition: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Tertiary education, whether or not to an advanced research qualification, normally requires, as a minimum condition of admission, the successful completion of education at the secondary level.

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/)

See also:

Year Value
1971 12.84
1972 14.63
1973 15.75
1974 17.17
1975 18.98
1976 19.82
1977 20.91
1978 21.84
1979 22.68
1980 22.98
1981 23.07
1983 22.12
1984 22.46
1985 23.72
1986 23.98
1987 23.61
1988 25.43
1989 27.25
1990 28.95
1991 30.75
1992 34.09
1993 37.03
1994 41.99
1995 44.28
1996 45.59
1997 51.43
1998 55.30
1999 54.44
2000 56.24
2001 60.31
2002 63.74
2003 67.46
2004 71.64
2005 74.75
2006 77.28
2007 78.25
2008 78.05
2009 78.65
2010 77.71
2011 77.63
2012 75.70
2013 73.01
2014 72.09
2015 70.85
2016 70.66
2017 71.52
2018 74.12
2019 76.20

Development Relevance: Gross enrollment ratios indicate the capacity of each level of the education system, but a high ratio may reflect a substantial number of overage children enrolled in each grade because of repetition or late entry rather than a successful education system. The net enrollment rate excludes overage and underage students and more accurately captures the system's coverage and internal efficiency. Differences between the gross enrollment ratio and the net enrollment rate show the incidence of overage and underage enrollments.

Limitations and Exceptions: Enrollment indicators are based on annual school surveys, but do not necessarily reflect actual attendance or dropout rates during the year. Also, the length of education differs across countries and can influence enrollment rates, although the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) tries to minimize the difference. For example, a shorter duration for primary education tends to increase the rate; a longer one to decrease it (in part because older children are more at risk of dropping out). Moreover, age at enrollment may be inaccurately estimated or misstated, especially in communities where registration of births is not strictly enforced.

Other Notes: Data retrieved via API in March 2019. For detailed information on the observation level (e.g. National Estimation, UIS Estimation, or Category not applicable), please visit UIS.Stat (http://data.uis.unesco.org/).

Statistical Concept and Methodology: Gross enrollment ratio for tertiary school is calculated by dividing the number of students enrolled in tertiary education regardless of age by the population of the age group which officially corresponds to tertiary education, and multiplying by 100. Data on education are collected by the UNESCO Institute for Statistics from official responses to its annual education survey. All the data are mapped to the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) to ensure the comparability of education programs at the international level. The current version was formally adopted by UNESCO Member States in 2011. Population data are drawn from the United Nations Population Division. Using a single source for population data standardizes definitions, estimations, and interpolation methods, ensuring a consistent methodology across countries and minimizing potential enumeration problems in national censuses. The reference years reflect the school year for which the data are presented. In some countries the school year spans two calendar years (for example, from September 2010 to June 2011); in these cases the reference year refers to the year in which the school year ended (2011 in the example).

Aggregation method: Weighted average

Periodicity: Annual

Classification

Topic: Education Indicators

Sub-Topic: Participation