Firms experiencing losses due to theft and vandalism (% of firms) - Country Ranking

Definition: Percent of firms experiencing losses due to theft, robbery, vandalism or arson that occurred on the establishment's premises.

Source: World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/).

See also: Thematic map, Time series comparison

Find indicator:
Rank Country Value Year
1 Papua New Guinea 61.50 2015
2 Vanuatu 60.40 2009
3 Samoa 52.40 2009
4 Botswana 50.70 2010
5 St. Kitts and Nevis 49.00 2010
6 Chile 47.70 2010
7 Sierra Leone 47.30 2017
8 Eswatini 44.50 2016
9 The Bahamas 44.00 2010
10 Venezuela 43.70 2010
11 Cabo Verde 43.20 2009
11 Guyana 43.20 2010
13 Mexico 40.30 2010
14 Central African Republic 40.10 2011
15 Brazil 38.30 2009
16 Guatemala 37.40 2017
17 Guinea-Bissau 35.30 2006
18 Solomon Islands 34.60 2015
19 Grenada 34.40 2010
19 Suriname 34.40 2018
21 Cameroon 34.00 2016
22 Sweden 33.80 2020
23 Liberia 33.70 2017
24 Malawi 33.50 2014
25 Costa Rica 32.80 2010
25 Zambia 32.80 2019
27 Fiji 30.90 2009
27 St. Vincent and the Grenadines 30.90 2010
29 The Gambia 29.30 2018
30 El Salvador 29.10 2016
31 Trinidad and Tobago 28.30 2010
32 Namibia 28.20 2014
33 Uruguay 28.10 2017
34 Ireland 27.90 2020
35 Honduras 27.70 2016
36 Cambodia 27.50 2016
37 Tanzania 26.20 2013
38 Chad 25.90 2018
39 Congo 25.60 2009
40 Denmark 24.70 2020
41 Mauritius 24.50 2009
42 Madagascar 24.40 2013
43 Lesotho 24.00 2016
44 Netherlands 23.80 2020
45 Kenya 22.70 2018
46 Mozambique 22.40 2018
47 Gabon 21.90 2009
48 Bolivia 21.80 2017
49 Mauritania 21.50 2014
50 Colombia 21.20 2017
51 Zimbabwe 20.90 2016
52 Belgium 20.70 2020
53 Dem. Rep. Congo 20.60 2013
53 Côte d'Ivoire 20.60 2016
55 Antigua and Barbuda 20.10 2010
55 Ghana 20.10 2013
57 Czech Republic 19.90 2019
58 Greece 19.30 2018
59 Nicaragua 19.10 2016
60 Togo 19.00 2016
61 Niger 18.90 2017
61 Peru 18.90 2017
63 Ukraine 18.80 2019
64 Finland 18.40 2020
65 Burkina Faso 18.10 2009
66 Bosnia and Herzegovina 17.70 2019
67 Luxembourg 17.50 2020
68 Malaysia 17.40 2015
69 Afghanistan 17.30 2014
69 Ecuador 17.30 2017
71 Yemen 17.10 2013
72 Philippines 17.00 2015
73 Mali 16.80 2016
74 Dominican Republic 16.70 2016
75 Paraguay 16.50 2017
76 Tonga 16.40 2009
77 North Macedonia 15.90 2019
78 Uganda 15.80 2013
78 Timor-Leste 15.80 2015
80 Bhutan 15.70 2015
81 Latvia 15.20 2019
82 Senegal 14.50 2014
82 Djibouti 14.50 2013
82 Argentina 14.50 2017
85 Estonia 14.40 2019
85 Russia 14.40 2019
87 Nigeria 14.00 2014
88 Jamaica 13.30 2010
89 Myanmar 13.10 2016
90 Guinea 12.90 2016
90 Slovenia 12.90 2019
92 Cyprus 12.80 2019
93 Moldova 12.60 2019
94 Angola 12.50 2010
94 South Africa 12.50 2020
96 Georgia 11.50 2019
97 Burundi 11.30 2014
97 Nepal 11.30 2013
99 Vietnam 11.00 2015
100 Sudan 10.90 2014
101 Bulgaria 10.30 2019
102 Belarus 10.20 2018
102 Serbia 10.20 2019
104 Israel 10.10 2013
105 Hungary 9.90 2019
106 Mongolia 9.60 2019
107 Pakistan 9.50 2013
107 Lao PDR 9.50 2018
109 Benin 9.40 2016
110 Malta 9.30 2019
111 Slovak Republic 8.80 2019
112 Armenia 8.60 2020
112 Iraq 8.60 2011
114 Barbados 8.50 2010
114 Poland 8.50 2019
116 Sri Lanka 8.10 2011
117 Lithuania 7.90 2019
118 Morocco 7.80 2019
118 Rwanda 7.80 2019
120 Bangladesh 7.60 2013
120 Belize 7.60 2010
120 Kazakhstan 7.60 2019
123 Croatia 6.70 2019
124 Ethiopia 6.50 2015
124 St. Lucia 6.50 2010
124 Panama 6.50 2010
127 Kyrgyz Republic 6.20 2019
128 Romania 6.00 2019
129 Montenegro 5.80 2019
130 Albania 5.70 2019
131 Portugal 5.10 2019
132 Tunisia 4.30 2020
133 Italy 4.10 2019
134 Indonesia 4.00 2015
135 China 3.90 2012
136 India 3.70 2014
137 Uzbekistan 3.20 2019
138 Turkey 2.60 2019
139 Lebanon 2.40 2019
140 Dominica 2.10 2010
141 Thailand 1.80 2016
142 Azerbaijan 1.70 2019
143 Tajikistan 1.10 2019
144 Eritrea 0.70 2009
144 Jordan 0.70 2019
146 Egypt 0.20 2020

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Development Relevance: Firms evaluating investment options, governments interested in improving business conditions, and economists seeking to explain economic performance have all grappled with defining and measuring the business environment. The firm-level data from Enterprise Surveys provide a useful tool for benchmarking economies across a large number of indicators measured at the firm level. Informality is associated with business operations without registration. The informal sector in an economy may be a source of unfair competition to formal firms and also deprive governments of potential tax revenue and diminish a government's capacity for regulatory oversight. Informality can be defined along different dimensions such as operating without registration, income tax evasion, labor tax evasion, or operating outside the legal framework of an economy. Firms may show different degrees of informality along these dimensions which may also overlap. A large informal sector has serious consequences for the formal private sector, and may pose unfair competition for formal firms. It is an approximation to the prevalence of informality in the private economy.

Limitations and Exceptions: The sampling methodology for Enterprise Surveys is stratified random sampling. In a simple random sample, all members of the population have the same probability of being selected and no weighting of the observations is necessary. In a stratified random sample, all population units are grouped within homogeneous groups and simple random samples are selected within each group. This method allows computing estimates for each of the strata with a specified level of precision while population estimates can also be estimated by properly weighting individual observations. The sampling weights take care of the varying probabilities of selection across different strata. Under certain conditions, estimates' precision under stratified random sampling will be higher than under simple random sampling (lower standard errors may result from the estimation procedure). The strata for Enterprise Surveys are firm size, business sector, and geographic region within a country. Firm size levels are 5-19 (small), 20-99 (medium), and 100+ employees (large-sized firms). Since in most economies, the majority of firms are small and medium-sized, Enterprise Surveys oversample large firms since larger firms tend to be engines of job creation. Sector breakdown is usually manufacturing, retail, and other services. For larger economies, specific manufacturing sub-sectors are selected as additional strata on the basis of employment, value-added, and total number of establishments figures. Geographic regions within a country are selected based on which cities/regions collectively contain the majority of economic activity. Ideally the survey sample frame is derived from the universe of eligible firms obtained from the country’s statistical office. Sometimes the master list of firms is obtained from other government agencies such as tax or business licensing authorities. In some cases, the list of firms is obtained from business associations or marketing databases. In a few cases, the sample frame is created via block enumeration, where the World Bank “manually” constructs a list of eligible firms after 1) partitioning a country’s cities of major economic activity into clusters and blocks, 2) randomly selecting a subset of blocks which will then be enumerated. In surveys conducted since 2005-06, survey documentation which explains the source of the sample frame and any special circumstances encountered during survey fieldwork are included with the collected datasets. Obtaining panel data, i.e. interviews with the same firms across multiple years, is a priority in current Enterprise Surveys. When conducting a new Enterprise Survey in a country where data was previously collected, maximal effort is expended to re-interview as many firms (from the prior survey) as possible. For these panel firms, sampling weights can be adjusted to take into account the resulting altered probabilities of inclusion in the sample frame.

Original Source Notes: All surveys were administered using the Enterprise Surveys methodology as outlined in the Methodology page which can be found from www.enterprisesurveys.org.

Statistical Concept and Methodology: Firm-level surveys have been conducted since the 1990's by different units within the World Bank. Since 2005-06, most data collection efforts have been centralized within the Enterprise Analysis Unit. Surveys implemented by the Enterprise Analysis Unit follow the Global Methodology. Private contractors conduct the Enterprise Surveys on behalf of the World Bank. Due to sensitive survey questions addressing business-government relations and bribery-related topics, private contractors, rather than any government agency or an organization/institution associated with government, are hired by the World Bank to collect the data. Confidentiality of the survey respondents and the sensitive information they provide is necessary to ensure the greatest degree of survey participation, integrity and confidence in the quality of the data. Surveys are usually carried out in cooperation with business organizations and government agencies promoting job creation and economic growth, but confidentiality is never compromised. The Enterprise Survey is answered by business owners and top managers. Sometimes the survey respondent calls company accountants and human resource managers into the interview to answer questions in the sales and labor sections of the survey. Typically 1200-1800 interviews are conducted in larger economies, 360 interviews are conducted in medium-sized economies, and for smaller economies, 150 interviews take place. The manufacturing and services sectors are the primary business sectors of interest. This corresponds to firms classified with ISIC codes 15-37, 45, 50-52, 55, 60-64, and 72 (ISIC Rev.3.1). Formal (registered) companies with 5 or more employees are targeted for interview. Services firms include construction, retail, wholesale, hotels, restaurants, transport, storage, communications, and IT. Firms with 100% government/state ownership are not eligible to participate in an Enterprise Survey. Occasionally, for a few surveyed countries, other sectors are included in the companies surveyed such as education or health-related businesses. In each country, businesses in the cities/regions of major economic activity are interviewed. In some countries, other surveys, which depart from the usual Enterprise Survey methodology, are conducted. Examples include 1) Informal Surveys- surveys of informal (unregistered) enterprises, 2) Micro Surveys- surveys fielded to registered firms with less than five employees, and 3) Financial Crisis Assessment Surveys- short surveys administered by telephone to assess the effects of the global financial crisis of 2008-09. The Enterprise Surveys Unit uses two instruments: the Manufacturing Questionnaire and the Services Questionnaire. Although many questions overlap, some are only applicable to one type of business. For example, retail firms are not asked about production and nonproduction workers. The standard Enterprise Survey topics include firm characteristics, gender participation, access to finance, annual sales, costs of inputs/labor, workforce composition, bribery, licensing, infrastructure, trade, crime, competition, capacity utilization, land and permits, taxation, informality, business-government relations, innovation and technology, and performance measures. Over 90% of the questions objectively ascertain characteristics of a country’s business environment. The remaining questions assess the survey respondents’ opinions on what are the obstacles to firm growth and performance. The mode of data collection is face-to-face interviews.

Aggregation method: Unweighted average

Periodicity: Annual