Bulgaria - Research and development expenditure

Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)

Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) in Bulgaria was 0.756 as of 2018. Its highest value over the past 22 years was 0.952 in 2015, while its lowest value was 0.418 in 1996.

Definition: Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/)

See also:

Year Value
1996 0.418
1997 0.465
1998 0.482
1999 0.537
2000 0.495
2001 0.447
2002 0.465
2003 0.472
2004 0.471
2005 0.443
2006 0.442
2007 0.430
2008 0.448
2009 0.494
2010 0.567
2011 0.532
2012 0.604
2013 0.637
2014 0.793
2015 0.952
2016 0.772
2017 0.743
2018 0.756

Classification

Topic: Infrastructure Indicators

Sub-Topic: Technology