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This table presents detailed data on the quantities and values of U.S. imports and exports of ferrovanadium, vanadium pentoxide (anhydride), and other oxides and hydroxides of vanadium. These materials are critical in various industrial applications, including steel manufacturing, chemical catalysts, and energy storage technologies. Tracking their trade flows offers insight into the supply chain dynamics and economic significance of vanadium-related products, which are essential for maintaining competitiveness in sectors reliant on high-strength alloys and advanced materials.
Analysis of the 2023 data reveals notable shifts compared to 2022. Imports of ferrovanadium decreased to 2,980,000 kilograms with a vanadium content of 2,280,000 kilograms valued at $98.2 million, down from 3,460,000 kilograms and $165 million in 2022, indicating a contraction in supply or demand. Canada and Austria remain leading suppliers of ferrovanadium, contributing 1,470,000 and 1,140,000 kilograms respectively. Vanadium pentoxide imports in 2023 totaled 3,010,000 kilograms with 2,320,000 kilograms of vanadium content, valued at $67.9 million, showing a slight increase in volume but a decrease in value from $64.4 million in 2022, with Brazil and South Africa as major sources. Exports of ferrovanadium dropped significantly to 241,000 kilograms with a vanadium content of 159,000 kilograms and a value of $4.71 million, compared to 225,000 kilograms and $5.37 million in 2022, while exports of other oxides and hydroxides of vanadium remained modest at 142,000 kilograms valued at $1.3 million. These trends highlight evolving trade patterns and potential shifts in domestic consumption or global market conditions for vanadium products.
| TABLE 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF FERROVANADIUM, VANADIUM PENTOXIDE (ANHYDRIDE), AND | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| OTHER OXIDES AND HYDROXIDES OF VANADIUM1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Kilograms unless otherwise specified) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vanadium pentoxide | Other oxides and | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ferrovanadium2 | (anhydride)3 | hydroxides of vanadium4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross | Vanadium | Gross | Vanadium | Gross | Vanadium | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Country or locality | weight | content | Value | weight | content | Value | weight | content | Value | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Imports for consumption: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 3460000 | 2650000 | 165000000 | 2830000 | 1980000 | 64400000 | 337000 | 222000 | 9100000 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Austria | 1140000 | 911000 | 30800000 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Brazil | -- | -- | -- | 1540000 | 1350000 | 35000000 | 110000 | 71400 | 2350000 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Canada | 1470000 | 1170000 | 44800000 | 3430 | 1660 | 185000 | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| China | -- | -- | -- | 2410 | 1410 | 109000 | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Czechia | (5) | (5) | 16100000 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Germany | -- | -- | -- | 78700 | 60100 | 1640000 | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Japan | 251000 | 128000 | 4320000 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Latvia | 122000 | 65700 | 2220000 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| South Africa | 1450 | 1180 | 47800 | 1300000 | 820000 | 29100000 | 120000 | 79400 | 2940000 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Taiwan | -- | -- | -- | 78300 | 78300 | 1620000 | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| United Kingdom | -- | -- | -- | 6000 | 5980 | 147000 | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 2980000 | 2280000 | 98200000 | 3010000 | 2320000 | 67900000 | 230000 | 151000 | 5280000 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Exports: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 225000 | r | 154000 | r | 5370000 | r | XX | 143000 | 2220000 | XX | 309000 | 2930000 | |||||||||||||||||
| 2023: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Argentina | 198 | 149 | 8900 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Australia | -- | -- | -- | NA | 8100 | 88400 | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Austria | -- | -- | -- | NA | 906 | 8750 | NA | 43700 | 389000 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Belgium | -- | -- | -- | NA | 10100 | 60000 | NA | 29500 | 262000 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Belize | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | NA | 434 | 7650 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Canada | 34800 | 26100 | 1080000 | -- | -- | -- | NA | 22600 | 228000 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| China | 2000 | 1500 | 50000 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Colombia | 301 | 226 | 15700 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Germany | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | NA | 433 | 3850 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Guyana | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | NA | 284 | 2530 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| India | -- | -- | -- | NA | 3680 | 35000 | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Israel | 762 | 572 | 4430 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Japan | -- | -- | -- | NA | 3570 | 33900 | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Korea, Republic of | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | NA | 45200 | 402000 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Mexico | 11500 | 7020 | 406000 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Netherlands | 191000 | 124000 | 3140000 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Russia | -- | -- | -- | NA | 38 | 5470 | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Thailand | -- | -- | -- | NA | 24 | 3120 | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Vietnam | -- | -- | -- | NA | 1770 | 6360 | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 241000 | 159000 | 4710000 | XX | 28200 | 241000 | XX | 142000 | 1300000 | ||||||||||||||||||||
rRevised. NA Not available. XX Not applicable. -- Zero.
1Table includes data available through July 2, 2024. Data are rounded to no more than three significant digits; may not add to totals shown.
2Includes Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTS) code and Schedule B number 7202.92.0000.
3May include catalysts that contain vanadium pentoxide. Includes HTS code and Schedule B number 2825.30.0010.
4Includes HTS code and Schedule B number 2825.30.0050.
5Data suppressed by U.S. Census Bureau; not included in “Total.”
Source: U.S. Census Bureau.
Source: United States Geological Survey Mineral Resources Program
See also: Vanadium statistics | Mineral commodity prices