World And U.S. Production Of Selected Nonfuel Mineral Commodities

^eEstimated. pPreliminary. ^rRevised. do. Ditto. NA not available. W Withheld to avoid disclosing company proprietary data; not included in "World total." -- Zero.

¹Includes data from the mineral commodity chapters published in the U.S. Geological Survey 2021 Minerals Yearbook as they were completed and released through January 2025.

²Data are rounded to no more than three significant digits unless otherwise specified; World totals may include estimated data.

³Reported to one decimal place.

⁴Calcined alumina or the total of calcined alumina plus the calcined equivalent of hydrate.

⁵Primary aluminum is defined as "The weight of liquid aluminum as tapped from pots, excluding the weight of any alloying materials as well as that of any metal produced from either returned scrap or remelted material."

⁶Includes calculated arsenic trioxide equivalent of output of elemental arsenic compounds other than arsenic trioxide; inclusion of such materials would not duplicate reported arsenic trioxide production.

⁷"World totals" do not include U.S. production.

⁸Beryl ore for the production of beryllium and excludes gem-quality beryl. U.S. production is mine shipments; includes bertrandite ore, calculated as equivalent to beryl containing 11% beryllium oxide.

⁹Includes unwrought production from ores, concentrates, flue dusts, and other materials of both domestic and imported origin.

¹⁰Recoverable cobalt content of ores, mineral concentrates, or intermediate products from cobalt, copper, nickel, platinum, or zinc operations. U.S. production is cobalt content of concentrates.

¹¹Cobalt refined from ores, concentrates, or intermediate products and does not include production of downstream products from refined cobalt.

¹²Copper content of concentrates produced (includes cement copper). U.S. production includes mineral concentrates and electrowon leaching.

¹³Includes total production of smelted copper metal, including low-grade cathode produced by electrowinning methods. The smelter feed may be derived from ore, concentrates, copper precipitate or matte (primary), and (or) scrap (secondary). U.S. production is primary.

¹⁴Includes total production of refined copper whether produced by pyrometallurgical or electrolytic refining methods and whether derived from primary unrefined copper or from scrap. Copper cathode derived from electrowinning processing is also included. U.S. production is primary and secondaty.

¹⁵Sources: Midrex Technologies, Inc., governments, and companies.

¹⁶Source: American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI). Raw steel is defined by AISI as steel formed in solid state after melting, suitable for further processing or sale.

¹⁷Production of usable ore represents total for all iron ore products used in steelmaking.

¹⁸Total content of ores and mineral concentrates. Table 1 reports recoverable content.

¹⁹Total output of refined lead whether derived from ores and concentrates (primary) or scrap (secondary); includes the lead content of antimonial lead but does not include, to the extent possible, simple remelting of scrap. U.S. production is secondary only.

²⁰Mostly concentrates or comparable shipping product.

²¹Recoverable content of nickel sulfide mineral concentrates.

²²Does not include that produced as a byproduct from gold-copper ores.

²³Estimated mine production of rhenium is calculated by the U.S. Geological Survey based on the production of molybdenum concentrates.

²⁴Recoverable content of ores and mineral concentrates.

²⁵Includes primary production (from ores and concentrates) and secondary production (recovered from scrap). U.S. production is secondary only.

²⁶Includes U.S. production, rounded to one significant digit, of ilmenite, leucoxene, and rutile to avoid disclosing company proprietary data.

²⁷Production from ores, concentrates, and slag.

²⁸Does not include United States.

²⁹Datum is less than 100,000 t to avoid disclosing company proprietary data.

³⁰Includes Puerto Rico.

³¹Portland and masonry cements only. Includes a small (less than 0.3% per year) component of double-counting where portland cement (not clinker) is consumed to make masonry cement; the precise amount of double-counting cannot be determined because of the involvement of portland cement stockpiles.

³²Sold or used by producers and (or) marketable production.

³³Does not include attapulgite.

³⁴Includes gem and industrial. Source: Kimberley Process Certification Scheme.

³⁵Rounded to no more than two significant digits.

³⁶Includes hand-cobbed feldspar, flotation-concentrate feldspar, feldspar in feldspar-quartz mixtures, and aplite.

³⁷Includes production by grade (acid, ceramic, and metallurgical).

³⁸Does not include byproduct gypsum.

³⁹Kyanite concentrates; does not include synthetic mullite. Estimated using several prior-years' output as reported to the Virginia Department of Mines.

⁴⁰Quicklime, hydrated lime, and dead-burned dolomite.

⁴¹Includes scrap and flake. Does not include, if any, U.S. production of low-quality sericite and sheet mica.

⁴²Synthetic anhydrous ammonia; does not include coke oven byproduct ammonia.

⁴³Production. Table 1 reports sales by producers.

⁴⁴Includes brine, rock, solar, and vacuum and open pans.

⁴⁵U.S. production is natural only.

⁴⁶Includes native, including Frasch; pyrite; and byproduct of metallurgy, natural gas, oil sands, and petroleum.

⁴⁷Does not include pyrophyllite.