Value Of Nonfuel Mineral Production In The United States And Principal Nonfuel Minerals Produced In 20

This table presents the estimated value of nonfuel mineral production across the United States by state for the year 2021, highlighting the principal minerals produced in each location. This data is crucial for understanding the economic and industrial contributions of mineral resources, as nonfuel minerals are essential raw materials for construction, manufacturing, technology, and various other sectors. Tracking the value and distribution of these minerals helps policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers assess regional mineral resource development, economic health, and supply chain dynamics.

In 2021, the total value of nonfuel mineral production in the U.S. reached approximately $94.8 billion. Arizona led the nation with a production value of $10.1 billion, accounting for about 10.66% of the U.S. total, primarily driven by cement, copper, and molybdenum concentrates. Nevada followed closely with $9.9 billion (10.43%), notable for copper, gold, and diatomite. Texas ranked third with $6.7 billion (7.05%), focusing on cement, lime, and sand and gravel. Other top contributors included Minnesota ($6.1 billion, 6.40%), California ($5.0 billion, 5.31%), and Utah ($3.8 billion, 4.05%). The “Undistributed” category, representing proprietary data withheld at the state level, accounted for a significant $4.9 billion or 5.22% of the total. Many states showed diverse mineral outputs, with common commodities such as cement, sand and gravel, and crushed stone appearing frequently, reflecting their foundational role in construction and infrastructure. This distribution underscores the geographic diversity and economic importance of nonfuel mineral production across the country.

TABLE 3
VALUE OF NONFUEL MINERAL PRODUCTION IN THE UNITED STATES
AND PRINCIPAL NONFUEL MINERALS PRODUCED IN 20211

			Percent
	Value2		of U.S.
State	(thousands)	Rank3	total4	Principal commodities5
Alabama	1790000	17	1.88544443316336	Cement, lime, sand and gravel (construction), sand and gravel (industrial), stone (crushed).
Alaska	3720000	8	3.92888474576242	Gold, lead, sand and gravel (construction), silver, zinc.
Arizona	10100000	1	10.6576779592952	Cement, copper, molybdenum mineral concentrates, sand and gravel (construction),
				stone (crushed).
Arkansas	1020000	27	1.07381508903695	Bromine, cement, sand and gravel (construction), sand and gravel (industrial),
				stone (crushed.
California	5030000	5	5.31016673182873	Boron minerals, cement, gold, sand and gravel (construction), stone (crushed).
Colorado	1820000	16	1.9221501140778	Cement, gold, molybdenum mineral concentrates, sand and gravel (construction).
				stone (crushed).
Connecticut	205000	43	0.216718300247845	Sand and gravel (construction), stone (crushed), stone (dimension).
Delaware⁶	29800	50	0.0313906888778059	Magnesium compounds, sand and gravel (construction), stone (crushed).
Florida6, 7	2450000	7	2.58494908017175	Cement, clay (attapulgite and kaolin), phosphate rock, sand and gravel (construction),
				stone (crushed).
Georgia⁷	2130000	12	2.24559098421629	Cement, clay (fuller's earth and kaolin), sand and gravel (construction), sand and gravel
				(industrial), stone (crushed).
Hawaii	143000	46	0.150882921780455	Sand and gravel (construction), stone (crushed).
Idaho	657000	35	0.692540369675866	Lead, phosphate rock, sand and gravel (construction), silver, stone (crushed).
Illinois⁶	1230000	26	1.29978829816738	Cement (portland), magnesium compounds, sand and gravel (construction), sand and gravel
				(industrial), stone (crushed).
Indiana	1280000	24	1.34755422520536	Cement, lime, sand and gravel (construction), stone (crushed), stone (dimension).
Iowa	805000	33	0.849644545542199	Cement (portland), lime, sand and gravel (construction), sand and gravel (industrial),
				stone (crushed).
Kansas⁶	765000	28	0.807024615816957	Cement, helium (Grade-A), salt, sand and gravel (construction), stone (crushed).
Kentucky⁶	653000	29	0.689189858482405	Cement (portland), clay [common clay and (or) shale], lime, sand and gravel (construction),
				stone (crushed).
Louisiana⁶	801000	31	0.844932430691137	Clay [common clay and (or) shale], salt, sand and gravel (construction), sand and gravel
				(industrial), stone (crushed).
Maine⁶	116000	44	0.121889892888554	Cement, peat, sand and gravel (construction), stone (crushed), stone (dimension).
Maryland⁶	434000	32	0.458143283725653	Cement, sand and gravel (construction), stone (crushed), stone (dimension).
Massachusetts⁶	298000	41	0.314857883770747	Clay [common clay and (or) shale], lime, sand and gravel (construction), stone (crushed),
				stone (dimension).
Michigan	3510000	9	3.70245329641535	Cement, iron ore, nickel, sand and gravel (construction), stone (crushed).
Minnesota⁶	6070000	4	6.40276656816855	Iron ore, sand and gravel (construction), sand and gravel (industrial), stone (crushed),
				stone (dimension).
Mississippi	213000	42	0.224955272172608	Clay [ball clay, bentonite, common clay and (or) shale, montmorillonite], sand and gravel
				(construction), sand and gravel (industrial), stone (crushed).
Missouri	2890000	10	3.04756372277216	Cement, lead, lime, sand and gravel (industrial), stone (crushed).
Montana	1940000	14	2.05025758997072	Copper, palladium, platinum, sand and gravel (conctruction), Stone (crushed).
Nebraska⁶	251000	38	0.264865968434935	Cement (portland), lime, sand and gravel (construction), sand and gravel (industrial),
				stone (crushed).
Nevada	9880000	2	10.4270668958872	Copper, diatomite, gold, sand and gravel (construction), stone (crushed).
New Hampshire⁶	139000	45	0.146308593790761	Sand and gravel (construction), stone (crushed), stone (dimension).
New Jersey	385000	39	0.406117260941855	Sand and gravel (construction), sand and gravel (industrial), stone (crushed).
New Mexico	1370000	23	1.45004918354313	Cement, copper, potash, sand and gravel (construction), stone (crushed).
New York	1780000	18	1.87783865735222	Cement, salt, sand and gravel (construction), stone (crushed), zinc.
North Carolina	1640000	20	1.7326660040653	Clay [common clay and (or) shale and fire], phosphate rock, sand and gravel (construction),
				sand gravel (industrial), stone (crushed).
North Dakota⁶	89700	48	0.094573431416102	Clay [common clay and (or) shale], lime, sand and gravel (construction), stone (crushed).
Ohio	1920000	15	2.02208375477049	Cement, lime, salt, sand and gravel (construction), stone (crushed).
Oklahoma	940000	30	0.991756410614167	Cement, iodine, sand and gravel (construction), sand and gravel (industrial), stone (crushed).
Oregon	634000	36	0.668762672922564	Cement (portland), diatomite, perlite (crude), sand and gravel (construction), stone (crushed).
Pennsylvania⁶	2100000	13	2.22036239306432	Cement, lime, sand and gravel (construction), sand and gravel (industrial), stone (crushed).
Rhode Island⁶	89700	49	0.0946710320562561	Sand and gravel (construction), sand and gravel (industrial), stone (crushed).
South Carolina⁶	1380000	22	1.45313339021855	Cement, clay [common and (or) shale and kaolin], gold, sand and gravel (construction),
				stone (crushed).
South Dakota	480000	37	0.505885093102008	Cement (portland), gold, lime, sand and gravel (construction), stone (crushed).
Tennessee	1720000	19	1.81135957278731	Cement, sand and gravel (construction), sand and gravel (industrial), stone (crushed), zinc.
Texas	6680000	3	7.04636534978128	Cement, lime, sand and gravel (construction), sand and gravel (industrial), stone (crushed).
Utah	3840000	6	4.05459626335945	Copper, magnesium metal, Molybdenum mineral concentrates, potash, sand and gravel
				(construction).
Vermont⁶	129000	47	0.135625768371655	Sand and gravel (construction), stone (crushed), stone (dimension), talc (crude).
Virginia	1540000	21	1.62348422454392	Cement, lime, salt, sand and gravel (construction), stone (crushed).
Washington	776000	34	0.818186068834002	Cement (portland), diatomite, sand and gravel (construction), sand and gravel (industrial),
				stone (crushed).
West Virginia⁶	175000	40	0.185087874496315	Cement, lime, salt, sand and gravel (industrial), stone (crushed).
Wisconsin⁶	1170000	25	1.23135219806611	Lime, sand and gravel (construction), sand and gravel (industrial), stone (crushed), stone
				(dimension).
Wyoming⁶	627000	11	0.661282865076953	Cement (portland), clay [bentonite and common and (or) shale], helium (Grade-A),
				sand and gravel (construction), soda ash.
Undistributed	4940000	XX	5.21528617057893	XX.
Total	94800000	XX	100	Cement, copper, gold, sand and gravel (construction), stone (crushed).

XX Not applicable.

¹Includes data from the mineral commodity chapters published in the U.S. Geological Survey 2021 Minerals Yearbook as they were completed and released through January 2025.

²Data are rounded to no more than three significant digits; may not add to total shown.

³Rank based on total, unadjusted, State values.

⁴Reported to two decimal places. Calculated using partial totals where applicable.

⁵Principal commodities based on value. Listed in alphabetical order.

⁶Partial total; excludes values that must be withheld to avoid disclosing company proprietary data, which are included with "Undistributed."

⁷Florida and Georgia also produce rare earths and titanium and zirconium mineral concentrates. Breakdown by State is not available to avoid disclosure of company proprietary data. Data are included in "Undistributed."