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The table presents detailed data on the global production of manganese ore, broken down by country or locality over the five-year period from 2019 to 2023. It includes both the gross weight of ore produced and the manganese content within specified concentration ranges. This information is crucial for understanding the supply dynamics of manganese, a key industrial metal used primarily in steel production, battery manufacturing, and other alloy applications. Tracking production trends by country helps stakeholders assess market stability, identify emerging producers, and anticipate shifts in global supply chains that can impact prices and industrial planning.
Analysis of the data reveals that South Africa remains the world’s leading producer, maintaining a steady gross production around 19 million metric tons annually, with manganese content consistently near 7.3 million metric tons. Gabon has shown significant growth, increasing gross output from 6.2 million metric tons in 2019 to nearly 10 million metric tons in 2022 before a slight dip to 9.97 million metric tons in 2023, reflecting its rising importance in the manganese market. Conversely, Brazil’s production has declined sharply from 3.7 million metric tons in 2019 to 1.6 million metric tons in 2023, indicating a notable contraction. Australia’s production also decreased from a peak of nearly 8 million metric tons in 2020 to about 6.9 million metric tons in 2023. China’s output fluctuated, peaking at 12.9 million metric tons in 2020 before dropping to around 6.7 million metric tons in 2023. Smaller producers like Malaysia and India showed recovery or growth in recent years, with Malaysia’s gross weight rising from 669 thousand metric tons in 2021 to 1.5 million metric tons in 2023, and India returning to near 2019 production levels after a dip. Overall, global manganese ore production has slightly declined from approximately 60.7 million metric tons in 2019 to 56.1 million metric tons in 2023, with manganese content decreasing from 20.7 million to 19.5 million metric tons, reflecting shifting production patterns among key countries.
| TABLE 6 | ||||||||||||
| MANGANESE ORE: WORLD PRODUCTION, BY COUNTRY OR LOCALITY1, 2 | ||||||||||||
| (Thousand metric tons) | ||||||||||||
| Country or locality3 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | |||||||
| Australia:4, 5 | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | 7545 | 7976 | 7900 | 7169 | 6926 | |||||||
| Manganese (Mn) content, 37% to 53% Mn | 3177 | 3331 | 3252 | 3044 | 2856 | |||||||
| Brazil: | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | 3697 | r | 2469 | 1880 | r | 1515 | r | 1600 | ||||
| Mn content, 21% to 51% Mn | 1452 | 933 | 597 | r | 530 | r | 580 | e | ||||
| Bulgaria:5 | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | -- | -- | 24 | -- | -- | |||||||
| Mn content, 25% to 35% Mn | -- | -- | 7 | -- | -- | |||||||
| Burkina Faso: | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | 9 | e | 30 | e | 21 | r | 5 | r | -- | e | ||
| Mn content, 36% to 51% Mn | 4 | e | 13 | 11 | r | 2 | r | -- | e | |||
| Burma:5 | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | 1100 | 630 | 515 | 518 | 585 | |||||||
| Mn content, 39% to 40% Mn | 430 | 250 | 155 | r | 155 | r | 175 | |||||
| China:5, 6 | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | 10325 | 12856 | 8000 | 6500 | 6710 | |||||||
| Mn content, 13% to 20% Mn | 1311 | 1670 | 880 | 715 | r | 767 | ||||||
| Congo (Kinshasa), gross weight | 11 | -- | 21 | 15 | 7 | |||||||
| Côte dʼIvoire:5 | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | 1175 | 1280 | 905 | 986 | 892 | |||||||
| Mn content, 41% to 45% Mn | 482 | 525 | 362 | 394 | 357 | |||||||
| Egypt:5 | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | 36 | 15 | 54 | r | 62 | r | 12 | |||||
| Mn content, 30% to 40% Mn | 12 | 5 | 18 | r | 20 | r | 4 | |||||
| Gabon:5 | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | 6169 | 7916 | 9643 | 10375 | 9968 | |||||||
| Mn content, 45% to 53% Mn | 2759 | 3572 | 4354 | 4671 | 4490 | e | ||||||
| Georgia, concentrate:5 | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | 461 | 549 | 596 | 398 | r | 268 | ||||||
| Mn content, 37% to 40% Mn | 175 | 209 | 227 | 151 | r | 102 | ||||||
| Ghana: | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | 5383 | 2358 | 3336 | 3172 | r | 3002 | ||||||
| Mn content, 27% to 30% Mn5 | 1554 | 637 | 911 | 844 | 818 | |||||||
| Guyana: | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | -- | -- | -- | 278 | 315 | |||||||
| Mn content, 38% Mn | -- | -- | -- | 106 | 120 | |||||||
| India: | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | 2975 | r | 2316 | r | 2899 | r | 2525 | r | 2974 | |||
| Mn content, 10% to 58% Mn5 | 962 | 548 | 495 | 730 | r | 744 | ||||||
| Indonesia:5 | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | -- | 158 | 19 | 138 | 41 | |||||||
| Mn content, 28% to 44% Mn | -- | 55 | 6 | 48 | 14 | |||||||
| Iran: | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | 131 | e | 25 | 5 | 106 | 5 | 77 | 5 | 193 | 5 | ||
| Mn content, 30% to 43% Mn | 53 | e | 7 | 5 | 29 | 5 | 21 | 5 | 52 | 5 | ||
| Kazakhstan, concentrate: | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | 460 | 276 | 371 | 390 | 390 | e | ||||||
| Mn content, 33% to 36% Mn | 152 | e | 91 | e | 122 | 129 | 130 | |||||
| Malaysia: | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | 1131 | 870 | 669 | r | 916 | 5 | 1518 | 5 | ||||
| Mn content, 32% to 45% Mn | 441 | e | 339 | e | 261 | r, e | 247 | 5 | 410 | 5 | ||
| Mexico: | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | 576 | e | 575 | e | 580 | 582 | 568 | 5 | ||||
| Mn content, 34% to 38% Mn7 | 219 | 219 | 221 | 221 | 224 | 5 | ||||||
| See footnotes at end of table. | ||||||||||||
| TABLE 6—Continued | ||||||||||||
| MANGANESE ORE: WORLD PRODUCTION, BY COUNTRY OR LOCALITY1, 2 | ||||||||||||
| (Thousand metric tons) | ||||||||||||
| Country or locality3 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | |||||||
| Morocco: | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | 71 | 50 | 5 | 83 | r | 89 | r | 86 | 5 | |||
| Mn content, 47% to 53% Mn8 | 38 | e | 24 | 5 | 35 | r, 5 | 43 | r, 5 | 38 | 5 | ||
| Namibia: | ||||||||||||
| Gross weighte | 92 | 106 | 88 | 66 | 12 | |||||||
| Mn content, 35% Mn | 32 | 37 | 31 | 23 | 4 | |||||||
| Nigeria: | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | 1 | 20 | 57 | 57 | r, e | 57 | e | |||||
| Mn content, 25% to 37% Mne | -- | r | 7 | 21 | 21 | r | 21 | |||||
| Oman: | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | 50 | 15 | 15 | 14 | r | 15 | ||||||
| Mn content, 21% to 27% Mne | 13 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | |||||||
| Romania, ore: | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | 52 | 20 | 20 | 30 | 4 | 5 | ||||||
| Mn content, 11% to 24% Mn | 9 | 4 | 4 | 6 | r, e | 1 | 5 | |||||
| South Africa, metallurgical: | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight, all forms | 17002 | 16199 | 19063 | r | 18967 | 19078 | ||||||
| Mn content, 30% to 48% Mne | 6600 | 6200 | 7300 | 7300 | 7300 | |||||||
| Sudan:e | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | 40 | -- | -- | -- | -- | |||||||
| Mn content, 29% to 33% Mn | 10 | -- | -- | -- | -- | |||||||
| Thailand: | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | 5 | 1 | -- | 1 | 3 | 5 | ||||||
| Mn content, 44% to 50% Mn | 2 | e | 1 | e | -- | -- | r, e | 1 | 5 | |||
| Turkey: | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | 45 | 5 | 40 | 5 | 87 | r | 105 | r | 102 | |||
| Mn content, 30% to 40% Mn | 16 | 5 | 14 | 5 | 30 | r, e | 37 | r, e | 36 | e | ||
| Ukraine: | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | 1687 | 1888 | 1760 | 950 | e | 359 | 5 | |||||
| Mn content, 30% to 35% Mn | 574 | e | 642 | e | 600 | e | 323 | e | 126 | 5 | ||
| Uzbekistan, Mn content, 30% to 44% Mn | 2 | 2 | -- | r | -- | r | 2 | 5 | ||||
| Vietnam:5 | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | 246 | 279 | 339 | 362 | 237 | |||||||
| Mn content, 43% Mn | 106 | 120 | 146 | 155 | 102 | |||||||
| Zambia: | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight9 | 257 | 186 | 132 | r | 159 | r | 171 | |||||
| Mn content, 27% to 44% Mne | 113 | 82 | 58 | r | 70 | r | 75 | |||||
| Total: | ||||||||||||
| Gross weight | 60700 | r | 59100 | r | 59200 | r | 56400 | r | 56100 | |||
| Mn content | 20700 | 19500 | 20100 | r | 20000 | r | 19500 | |||||
eEstimated. rRevised. -- Zero.
1Table includes data available through August 14, 2024. All data are reported unless otherwise noted; totals may include estimated data. Totals and estimated data are rounded to no more than three significant digits; may not add to totals shown.
2Data pertain to concentrates or comparable shipping product, possibly after some upgrading.
3In addition to the countries and (or) localities listed, Cuba, Greece, Pakistan, Panama, and Peru may have produced manganese ore and (or) manganiferous ore, but available information was inadequate to make reliable estimates of output.
4Metallurgical ore.
5Reported by the International Manganese Institute.
6Includes manganiferous ore.
7Mostly oxide nodules; may include smaller quantities of direct-shipping carbonate and oxide ores for metallurgical and battery operations, and sinter.
8Manganese content estimated to be 84% for manganese dioxide (MnO2).
9Imports received by all countries from Zambia. Source: UN Comtrade.
Source: United States Geological Survey Mineral Resources Program
See also: Manganese statistics | Mineral commodity prices