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This table provides detailed data on the quantities and customs values of manganese ore, ferroalloys, metal, and selected manganese chemicals imported into the United States, broken down by country or locality. These imports are critical for various industrial sectors, including steel manufacturing, battery production, and chemical applications, as manganese is a key element in enhancing the strength, durability, and corrosion resistance of steel and other alloys. Monitoring import sources and volumes helps assess supply chain stability, trade dependencies, and market trends that can impact domestic industries and economic planning.
Analysis of the 2023 data reveals notable shifts in import patterns compared to 2022. Total imports of manganese ore with 20% or more manganese content declined significantly from 566,000 metric tons to 245,000 metric tons in gross weight, with the value dropping from $126 million to $55.2 million. Gabon remained the dominant supplier of high-grade manganese ore, though its shipments decreased from 269,000 metric tons to 224,000 metric tons, and its customs value fell from $74.6 million to $50.6 million. Conversely, imports from Brazil and India increased in some categories; for example, Brazil’s ore imports rose in value from $137,000 to $243,000, and India appeared as a new supplier with 202 metric tons of ore valued at $239,000. In ferroalloys, total imports slightly decreased in quantity but saw a substantial drop in customs value from $734 million to $430 million, with Malaysia and Australia as leading sources. Unwrought manganese metal imports increased in quantity from 41,400 to 53,600 metric tons but declined in value from $183 million to $137 million, with China and South Africa as key contributors. Selected chemicals like manganese dioxide and potassium permanganate showed mixed trends, with manganese dioxide imports decreasing in quantity but maintaining significant value from countries such as Greece and Colombia, while potassium permanganate imports more than tripled in value, driven largely by increased shipments from India. Overall, the data indicate a tightening supply and shifting trade dynamics in manganese materials critical to U.S. industry.
| TABLE 5 | ||||||||||||
| U.S. IMPORTS FOR CONSUMPTION OF MANGANESE ORE, FERROALLOYS, METAL, AND SELECTED CHEMICALS, BY COUNTRY OR LOCALITY1 | ||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2023 | |||||||||||
| Quantity | Value, | Quantity | Value, | |||||||||
| Gross weight | Mn content | customs | Gross weight | Mn content | customs | |||||||
| Country or locality | (metric tons) | (metric tons) | (thousands) | (metric tons) | (metric tons) | (thousands) | ||||||
| Ore and concentrates with 20% or more manganese: | ||||||||||||
| All grades:2 | ||||||||||||
| Belgium | -- | -- | -- | 116 | 46 | 54 | ||||||
| Brazil | 214 | 106 | 137 | 155 | 75 | 243 | ||||||
| China | -- | -- | -- | 84 | 39 | 21 | ||||||
| France | 16 | 9 | 25 | 17 | 8 | 25 | ||||||
| Gabon | 269000 | 173000 | 74600 | 224000 | 126000 | 50600 | ||||||
| India | -- | -- | -- | 202 | 98 | 239 | ||||||
| Malta | -- | -- | -- | 6 | 3 | 3 | ||||||
| Mexico | 77600 | 29400 | 15100 | 15000 | 5930 | 2460 | ||||||
| Morocco | 16 | 9 | 30 | -- | -- | -- | ||||||
| South Africa | 219000 | 85000 | 36300 | 5600 | 2610 | 1550 | ||||||
| Other [2 countries and (or) localities] | 330 | 95 | 134 | -- | -- | -- | ||||||
| Total | 566000 | 287000 | 126000 | 245000 | 135000 | 55200 | ||||||
| More than 20% but less than 47% manganese: | ||||||||||||
| Belgium | -- | -- | -- | 116 | 46 | 54 | ||||||
| China | -- | -- | -- | 84 | 39 | 6 | ||||||
| Malta | -- | -- | -- | 6 | 3 | 3 | ||||||
| Mexico | 77000 | 28900 | 14500 | 14300 | 5470 | 1890 | ||||||
| Netherlands | 244 | 61 | 71 | -- | -- | -- | ||||||
| Slovakia | 53 | 16 | 19 | -- | -- | -- | ||||||
| South Africa | 215000 | 83500 | 35200 | 3740 | 1650 | 1090 | ||||||
| Total | 293000 | 112000 | 49700 | 18200 | 7210 | 3050 | ||||||
| 47% or more manganese: | ||||||||||||
| Brazil | 214 | 106 | 137 | 155 | 75 | 243 | ||||||
| China | -- | -- | -- | (3) | (3) | 15 | ||||||
| France | 16 | 9 | 25 | 17 | 8 | 25 | ||||||
| Gabon | 269000 | 173000 | 74600 | 224000 | 126000 | 50600 | ||||||
| India | -- | -- | -- | 202 | 98 | 239 | ||||||
| Mexico | 679 | 467 | 624 | 700 | 456 | 573 | ||||||
| Morocco | 16 | 9 | 30 | -- | -- | -- | ||||||
| Netherlands | 33 | 18 | 44 | -- | -- | -- | ||||||
| South Africa | 3100 | 1520 | 1140 | 1860 | 961 | 461 | ||||||
| Total | 273000 | 175000 | 76600 | 227000 | 127000 | 52100 | ||||||
| Ferromanganese: | ||||||||||||
| All grades:2 | ||||||||||||
| Australia | 53100 | 40600 | 119000 | 43000 | 32900 | 42200 | ||||||
| Brazil | 262 | 192 | 558 | 433 | 318 | 532 | ||||||
| India | 43700 | 32800 | 66700 | 34400 | 22200 | 35600 | ||||||
| Japan | 1370 | 1110 | 3890 | 920 | 749 | 1650 | ||||||
| Korea, Republic of | 47000 | 37500 | 117000 | 33800 | 27500 | 55200 | ||||||
| Malaysia | 70200 | 53200 | 139000 | 105000 | 79600 | 125000 | ||||||
| Mexico | 8050 | 6390 | 23700 | 5300 | 4230 | 10100 | ||||||
| Norway | 40500 | 32800 | 101000 | 56300 | 45600 | 88600 | ||||||
| South Africa | 43800 | 34300 | 119000 | 38300 | 30300 | 66700 | ||||||
| Zambia | 899 | 691 | 1320 | 1480 | 1120 | 1640 | ||||||
| Other [16 countries and (or) localities] | 21200 | r | 16200 | r | 43000 | r | 1160 | 887 | 2370 | |||
| Total | 330000 | 256000 | 734000 | 320000 | 245000 | 430000 | ||||||
| 1% or less carbon:2 | ||||||||||||
| Canada | 15 | 12 | 39 | 13 | 11 | 50 | ||||||
| India | -- | -- | -- | 63 | 51 | 93 | ||||||
| Japan | 1370 | 1110 | 3890 | 920 | 749 | 1650 | ||||||
| Korea, Republic of | 5250 | 4580 | 19100 | 8790 | 7710 | 20000 | ||||||
| Mexico | 3900 | 3150 | 12800 | 3800 | 3070 | 6780 | ||||||
| Norway | 32800 | 26600 | 84900 | 28700 | 23200 | 48100 | ||||||
| See footnotes at end of table. | ||||||||||||
| TABLE 5—Continued | ||||||||||||
| U.S. IMPORTS FOR CONSUMPTION OF MANGANESE ORE, FERROALLOYS, METAL, AND SELECTED CHEMICALS, BY COUNTRY OR LOCALITY1 | ||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2023 | |||||||||||
| Quantity | Value, | Quantity | Value, | |||||||||
| Gross weight | Mn content | customs | Gross weight | Mn content | customs | |||||||
| Country or locality | (metric tons) | (metric tons) | (thousands) | (metric tons) | (metric tons) | (thousands) | ||||||
| Ferromanganese:—Continued | ||||||||||||
| 1% or less carbon:2—Continued | ||||||||||||
| South Africa | 3220 | 2630 | 5190 | 2360 | 2020 | 6700 | ||||||
| Spain | 370 | 299 | 1160 | 61 | 50 | 291 | ||||||
| Taiwan | -- | -- | -- | 3 | 3 | 12 | ||||||
| Vietnam | -- | -- | -- | 80 | 75 | 187 | ||||||
| Other [3 country and (or) locality] | 334 | r | 271 | r | 975 | r | 1 | 1 | 4 | |||
| Total | 47300 | 38700 | 128000 | 44800 | 37000 | 83900 | ||||||
| More than 1% but not more than 2% carbon: | ||||||||||||
| Canada | 20 | 16 | 188 | -- | -- | -- | ||||||
| China | -- | -- | -- | 3 | 2 | 9 | ||||||
| India | 19 | 15 | 33 | 489 | 391 | 933 | ||||||
| Italy | 8 | 6 | 12 | -- | -- | -- | ||||||
| Korea, Republic of | 30600 | 24500 | 77900 | 20000 | 16000 | 29700 | ||||||
| Malaysia | -- | -- | -- | 2340 | 1730 | 3160 | ||||||
| Mexico | 4030 | 3150 | 10700 | 1500 | 1160 | 3340 | ||||||
| Norway | 5200 | 4240 | 12400 | 27600 | 22400 | 40500 | ||||||
| South Africa | 19000 | 15000 | 59700 | 21500 | 17200 | 37400 | ||||||
| Thailand | -- | -- | -- | 228 | 191 | 647 | ||||||
| Total | 58800 | 47000 | 161000 | 73600 | 59000 | 116000 | ||||||
| More than 2% but not more than 4% carbon: | ||||||||||||
| China | -- | -- | -- | 27 | 21 | 28 | ||||||
| India | -- | -- | -- | 108 | 82 | 106 | ||||||
| South Africa | 199 | 156 | 186 | -- | -- | -- | ||||||
| Total | 199 | 156 | 186 | 135 | 103 | 134 | ||||||
| More than 4% carbon:2 | ||||||||||||
| Australia | 53100 | 40600 | 119000 | 43000 | 32900 | 42200 | ||||||
| Brazil | 262 | 192 | 558 | 433 | 318 | 532 | ||||||
| Canada | 76 | 55 | 224 | 86 | 60 | 242 | ||||||
| Georgia | -- | -- | -- | 324 | 235 | 292 | ||||||
| India | 43700 | 32800 | 66700 | 33700 | 21700 | 34500 | ||||||
| Korea, Republic of | 11100 | 8440 | 20500 | 5000 | 3800 | 5480 | ||||||
| Malaysia | 70200 | 53200 | 139000 | 103000 | 77900 | 122000 | ||||||
| South Africa | 21400 | 16500 | 54000 | 14500 | 11100 | 22700 | ||||||
| United Arab Emirates | -- | -- | -- | 151 | 114 | 161 | ||||||
| Zambia | 899 | 691 | 1320 | 1480 | 1120 | 1640 | ||||||
| Other [9 countries and (or) localities] | 23000 | r | 17600 | r | 44000 | r | 188 | 125 | 444 | |||
| Total | 224000 | 170000 | 445000 | 202000 | 149000 | 230000 | ||||||
| Silicomanganese:2 | ||||||||||||
| Australia | 62900 | 41500 | 161000 | 50400 | 31800 | 64700 | ||||||
| Georgia | 114000 | 82300 | 246000 | 36800 | 25500 | 44900 | ||||||
| India | 33700 | 21800 | 48700 | 3250 | 1830 | 4950 | ||||||
| Malaysia | 46200 | 30300 | 94900 | 30700 | 20500 | 35600 | ||||||
| Mexico | 32300 | 20800 | 45300 | 39000 | 25000 | 43300 | ||||||
| Norway | 24600 | 15800 | 53100 | 10900 | 6760 | 18800 | ||||||
| South Africa | 89800 | 58300 | 98900 | 85800 | 55700 | 93000 | ||||||
| Spain | 3340 | 2170 | 6500 | 160 | 104 | 226 | ||||||
| Vietnam | -- | -- | -- | 50 | 33 | 56 | ||||||
| Zambia | 150 | 99 | 164 | 498 | 298 | 482 | ||||||
| Other [8 countries and (or) localities] | 13100 | r | 4700 | r | 26000 | r | 29 | 18 | 53 | |||
| Total | 420000 | 278000 | 780000 | 257000 | 168000 | 306000 | ||||||
| See footnotes at end of table. | ||||||||||||
| TABLE 5—Continued | ||||||||||||
| U.S. IMPORTS FOR CONSUMPTION OF MANGANESE ORE, FERROALLOYS, METAL, AND SELECTED CHEMICALS, BY COUNTRY OR LOCALITY1 | ||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2023 | |||||||||||
| Quantity | Value, | Quantity | Value, | |||||||||
| Gross weight | Mn content | customs | Gross weight | Mn content | customs | |||||||
| Country or locality | (metric tons) | (metric tons) | (thousands) | (metric tons) | (metric tons) | (thousands) | ||||||
| Metal: | ||||||||||||
| Unwrought:2, 4 | ||||||||||||
| Belgium | -- | XX | -- | 44 | XX | 148 | ||||||
| Canada | -- | XX | -- | 40 | XX | 137 | ||||||
| China | 33400 | XX | 131000 | 43500 | XX | 98300 | ||||||
| Germany | 777 | XX | 4020 | 197 | XX | 490 | ||||||
| Indonesia | 260 | XX | 1130 | 2100 | XX | 3970 | ||||||
| Japan | 62 | XX | 6820 | 68 | XX | 5020 | ||||||
| Mexico | 102 | XX | 938 | 111 | XX | 652 | ||||||
| Poland | -- | XX | -- | (3) | XX | 3 | ||||||
| South Africa | 6590 | XX | 38200 | 7520 | XX | 28500 | ||||||
| Spain | 153 | XX | 342 | -- | XX | -- | ||||||
| Other [1 country and (or) locality] | 25 | r | XX | 148 | r | -- | XX | -- | ||||
| Total | 41400 | XX | 183000 | 53600 | XX | 137000 | ||||||
| Other manganese, wrought: | ||||||||||||
| Canada | -- | XX | -- | 2 | XX | 28 | ||||||
| China | 44 | XX | 185 | 7 | XX | 68 | ||||||
| Germany | 157 | XX | 2230 | (3) | XX | 26 | ||||||
| India | (3) | XX | 9 | 1 | XX | 38 | ||||||
| Japan | (3) | XX | 61 | 3 | XX | 82 | ||||||
| Mexico | 152 | XX | 1170 | 198 | XX | 1040 | ||||||
| Sweden | 121 | XX | 2110 | 30 | XX | 545 | ||||||
| United Kingdom | (3) | XX | 6 | (3) | XX | 2 | ||||||
| Total | 474 | XX | 5770 | 242 | XX | 1830 | ||||||
| Waste and scrap: | ||||||||||||
| Canada | 397 | XX | 206 | 206 | XX | 135 | ||||||
| China | (3) | XX | 4 | 20 | XX | 46 | ||||||
| India | (3) | XX | 3 | -- | XX | -- | ||||||
| Japan | 6 | XX | 35 | -- | XX | -- | ||||||
| Total | 403 | XX | 247 | 226 | XX | 181 | ||||||
| Manganese dioxide:2 | ||||||||||||
| Belgium | 65 | XX | 284 | 83 | XX | 142 | ||||||
| Brazil | 135 | XX | 178 | 290 | XX | 380 | ||||||
| China | 155 | XX | 294 | 49 | XX | 84 | ||||||
| Colombia | 17 | XX | 44 | 998 | XX | 2390 | ||||||
| Germany | 11 | XX | 68 | 28 | XX | 70 | ||||||
| Greece | 990 | XX | 3110 | 1490 | XX | 3980 | ||||||
| Japan | 2340 | XX | 5950 | 407 | XX | 930 | ||||||
| Mexico | 21 | XX | 35 | 37 | XX | 62 | ||||||
| Morocco | -- | XX | -- | 19 | XX | 25 | ||||||
| Spain | 130 | XX | 221 | 58 | XX | 98 | ||||||
| Other [4 countries and (or) localities] | 54 | r | XX | 92 | r | 42 | XX | 81 | ||||
| Total | 3920 | XX | 10300 | 3500 | XX | 8240 | ||||||
| Potassium permanganate: | ||||||||||||
| Canada | (3) | XX | 2 | -- | XX | -- | ||||||
| India | 1100 | XX | 3220 | 3360 | XX | 10900 | ||||||
| Japan | 78 | XX | 150 | -- | XX | -- | ||||||
| Malaysia | -- | XX | -- | 68 | XX | 127 | ||||||
| United Kingdom | -- | XX | -- | 1 | XX | 4 | ||||||
| Total | 1170 | XX | 3370 | 3430 | XX | 11100 | ||||||
rRevised. XX Not applicable. -- Zero.
1Table includes data available through August 9, 2024. Data are rounded to no more than three significant digits; may not add to totals shown.
2Presentation of data is based on the 2023 annual quantities (gross weight) of the leading countries and (or) localities.
3Less than ½ unit.
4Imports of unwrought metal include flake, powder, and other.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau.
Source: United States Geological Survey Mineral Resources Program
See also: Manganese statistics | Mineral commodity prices