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This table presents detailed data on the electricity consumption of U.S. cement plants, categorized by the type of plant process used—specifically integrated wet and dry processes, as well as grinding plants. It distinguishes between electricity generated on-site and electricity purchased, providing total consumption figures alongside the number of plants reporting each category. The data also includes the average electricity consumption per ton of cement produced, offering insight into the energy efficiency of different plant types. This information is critical for understanding the energy demands of the cement industry, which is a significant component of the U.S. manufacturing sector. Monitoring electricity consumption helps in assessing operational costs, environmental impacts, and opportunities for energy efficiency improvements within the industry.
Analysis of the 2022 and 2023 data reveals that dry-process integrated plants dominate electricity consumption, accounting for 98% of total electricity used in integrated plants both years. In 2023, these plants consumed a total of 11,500 million kilowatt-hours, slightly down from 11,600 million in 2022, despite a modest increase in electricity generated on-site from 232 to 262 million kilowatt-hours. Wet-process plants consumed substantially less electricity, about 2% of the total, with a slight decrease in total consumption from 255 million kilowatt-hours in 2022 to 246 million in 2023. Grinding plants, which do not produce clinker but grind clinker from external sources, showed a reduction in electricity consumption from 101 million kilowatt-hours in 2022 to 89 million in 2023, accompanied by a decrease in average electricity consumption per ton of cement produced from 77 to 70 kilowatt-hours. Overall, total electricity consumption across all integrated plants slightly decreased from 11,900 million kilowatt-hours in 2022 to 11,700 million in 2023, while cement production also declined marginally from 89,700 to 88,300 thousand metric tons, maintaining a stable average electricity consumption per ton of around 133 kilowatt-hours.
| TABLE 8 | |||||||||||||||||||
| ELECTRICITY CONSUMED BY U.S. CEMENT PLANTS, BY PLANT PROCESS1 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Electricity consumed2 | Average | ||||||||||||||||||
| Generated | Purchased | Total4 | Cement | consumption | |||||||||||||||
| Quantity | Quantity | Quantity | produced3 | (kilowatt–hours | |||||||||||||||
| Number | (million | Number | (million | Number | (million | Percentage | (thousand | per ton of | |||||||||||
| Plant process | of plants5 | kilowatt–hours) | of plants5 | kilowatt–hours) | of plants | kilowatt–hours) | of total | metric tons) | cement produced) | ||||||||||
| 2022: | |||||||||||||||||||
| Integrated plants: | |||||||||||||||||||
| Wet | -- | -- | 7 | 255 | 7 | 255 | 2 | 1760 | 145 | ||||||||||
| Dry6 | 2 | 232 | 85 | 11400 | 85 | 11600 | 98 | 88000 | 132 | ||||||||||
| Both7 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||
| Total or average4 | 2 | 232 | 92 | 11700 | 92 | 11900 | 100 | 89700 | 133 | ||||||||||
| Grinding plants8 | -- | -- | 4 | 101 | 4 | 101 | -- | 1320 | 77 | ||||||||||
| Exclusions9 | -- | -- | 2 | XX | 2 | XX | -- | 163 | XX | ||||||||||
| 2023: | |||||||||||||||||||
| Integrated plants: | |||||||||||||||||||
| Wet | -- | -- | 7 | 246 | 7 | 246 | 2 | 1730 | 142 | ||||||||||
| Dry6 | 2 | 262 | 84 | 11200 | 84 | 11500 | 98 | 86600 | 133 | ||||||||||
| Both7 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||
| Total or average4 | 2 | 262 | 91 | 11500 | 91 | 11700 | 100 | 88300 | 133 | ||||||||||
| Grinding plants8 | -- | -- | 4 | 89 | 4 | 89 | -- | 1270 | 70 | ||||||||||
| Exclusions9 | -- | -- | 2 | XX | 2 | XX | -- | 165 | XX | ||||||||||
XX Not applicable. -- Zero.
1Table includes data available through March 18, 2025. Even where presented unrounded, data are thought to be accurate to no more than three significant digits.
2Excludes Puerto Rico.
3Portland and masonry cement.
4May not add to totals shown because of independent rounding.
5Excludes idle plants that, although retained as active in terms of clinker capacity, had no production during 2022–23.
6Includes one semidry plant and one semiwet plant.
7Plants that can operate wet and dry kilns, whether or not both types were active during the year. Includes plants that converted from wet to dry technology during the year.
8Plants that did not produce clinker but ground clinker from outside sources. Excludes plants that only made masonry cement or just reground one type of portland cement into another, or which reported a substantial component of grinding of excess granulated blast furnace slag. Excludes two plants that were reported under “Dry” as noted in footnote 6.
9Plants at which production of portland cement was by regrinding of one type into another or which reported production only of masonry cement.
Source: United States Geological Survey Mineral Resources Program
See also: Cement statistics | Mineral commodity prices