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This table presents detailed data on the production, capacity, utilization, and year-end stocks of portland and blended cement across various U.S. districts for the years 2022 and 2023. This information is critical for understanding regional cement manufacturing capabilities and market dynamics, as cement is a fundamental material in construction and infrastructure development. Monitoring these metrics helps industry stakeholders, policymakers, and economists gauge supply chain health, identify capacity constraints, and anticipate potential impacts on construction costs and economic growth.
Analysis of the data reveals that total U.S. cement production slightly decreased from 89.1 million metric tons in 2022 to 87.8 million metric tons in 2023, despite a marginal reduction in total capacity from 124 million to 122 million metric tons. Utilization rates remained relatively stable, increasing slightly from 71.8% to 72.1%. Notably, the Michigan district showed a significant rise in capacity utilization from 77.1% to 83.3%, accompanied by an increase in production from 4.4 million to 4.8 million metric tons, although year-end stocks declined from 1.72 million to 1.53 million metric tons. Conversely, the Maine and New York district experienced a production drop from 2.0 million to 1.9 million metric tons and a slight decrease in utilization from 62% to 59.7%. The Missouri district maintained the highest production levels, increasing output from 9.3 million to 9.9 million metric tons and improving utilization from 82.7% to 87.8%. Overall, the data indicate a modest contraction in production with some regional disparities, reflecting localized market conditions and operational adjustments within the cement industry.
| TABLE 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PORTLAND AND BLENDED CEMENT PRODUCTION, CAPACITY, AND STOCKS IN THE UNITED STATES, BY DISTRICT1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Thousand metric tons unless otherwise specified) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Number | Grinding | Percentage | Yearend | Number | Grinding | Percentage | Yearend | ||||||||||||||||||
| District2 | of plants | Production3 | capacity4 | utilized5 | stocks6 | of plants | Production3 | capacity4 | utilized5 | stocks6 | |||||||||||||||
| Maine and New York | 4 | 2019 | 3258 | 62 | 92 | 4 | 1944 | 3258 | 59.7 | 112 | |||||||||||||||
| Pennsylvania7 | 7 | 3670 | 5790 | 63.4 | 248 | 7 | 3450 | 5790 | 59.7 | 247 | |||||||||||||||
| Illinois | 3 | 1310 | 7 | 2530 | 7 | 51.7 | 7 | 157 | r, 7 | 3 | 1329 | 2531 | 52.5 | 218 | |||||||||||
| Indiana, Ohio | 6 | 3643 | 4964 | 73.4 | 551 | 6 | 3842 | 5679 | 67.6 | 425 | |||||||||||||||
| Michigan | 3 | 4423 | 5738 | 77.1 | 1720 | 7, 8 | 3 | 4778 | 5738 | 83.3 | 1525 | 7, 8 | |||||||||||||
| Iowa, Nebraska, South Dakota | 4 | 3595 | 4340 | 82.8 | 341 | 4 | 3588 | 4285 | 83.7 | 506 | |||||||||||||||
| Kansas | 2 | 2673 | 3172 | 84.3 | 179 | 2 | 2778 | 3172 | 87.6 | 310 | |||||||||||||||
| Missouri | 5 | 9342 | 11292 | 82.7 | 882 | 5 | 9860 | 11227 | 87.8 | 1263 | |||||||||||||||
| Florida | 8 | 6687 | 10533 | 63.5 | 292 | 8 | 6371 | 10540 | 60.4 | 343 | |||||||||||||||
| Georgia, Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia | 6 | 6164 | 7931 | 77.7 | 235 | 6 | 6000 | 7 | 7930 | 7 | 75.6 | 7 | 305 | 7 | |||||||||||
| South Carolina | 3 | 3164 | 6097 | 51.9 | 194 | 3 | 2931 | 5666 | 51.7 | 318 | |||||||||||||||
| Alabama, Kentucky, Tennessee | 8 | 7329 | 10351 | 70.8 | 352 | 8 | 7893 | 10124 | 78 | 483 | |||||||||||||||
| Arkansas and Oklahoma | 4 | 2264 | 3615 | 62.6 | 205 | 4 | 2234 | 3615 | 61.8 | 185 | |||||||||||||||
| Texas, northern7 | 6 | 6220 | 8140 | 76.4 | 383 | 6 | 6150 | 8140 | 75.6 | 431 | |||||||||||||||
| Texas, southern7 | 6 | 6070 | 8000 | 75.8 | 262 | 6 | 5590 | 7620 | 73.4 | 311 | |||||||||||||||
| Arizona and New Mexico | 4 | 3091 | 3715 | 83.2 | 135 | 4 | 3037 | 3375 | 90 | 114 | |||||||||||||||
| Colorado and Wyoming | 4 | 2903 | 4688 | 61.9 | 208 | 4 | 2811 | 4275 | 65.7 | 136 | |||||||||||||||
| Montana, Nevada, Utah | 5 | 2680 | 7 | 3320 | 7 | 80.7 | 7 | 229 | 7 | 5 | 2450 | 3201 | 76.4 | 200 | |||||||||||
| Alaska and Hawaii | -- | -- | -- | -- | 54 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 54 | 7 | ||||||||||||||
| California7 | 8 | 9720 | 12360 | 78.6 | 433 | 7 | 8940 | 11300 | 79.1 | 365 | |||||||||||||||
| Oregon and Washington | 4 | 1770 | 2563 | 69 | 195 | 4 | 1458 | 2563 | 56.9 | 196 | |||||||||||||||
| Importers7, 9 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 349 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 380 | |||||||||||||||
| Total10 | 100 | 88700 | 7 | 122000 | 7 | 72.5 | 7 | 7700 | r, 7 | 99 | 87400 | 7 | 120000 | 7 | 72.8 | 7 | 8430 | 7 | |||||||
| Puerto Rico | 2 | 400 | 1780 | 22.5 | 29 | 2 | 388 | 1780 | 21.8 | 33 | |||||||||||||||
| Grand total10 | 102 | 89100 | 7 | 124000 | 7 | 71.8 | 7 | 7730 | r, 7 | 101 | 87800 | 7 | 122000 | 7 | 72.1 | 7 | 8460 | 7 | |||||||
rRevised. -- Zero.
1Table includes data available through March 18, 2025. Even where presented unrounded, data are thought to be accurate to no more than three significant digits. Includes data for white cement. Includes cement made from imported clinker.
2District assignation is the location of the reporting facilities. Specific districts include importers where district assignations were possible.
3Data include a small amount of portland cement subsequently consumed at the plant to make masonry cement; the amount thus double-counted cannot be determined precisely because of the involvement of cement stockpiles, but is less than 0.5% of the grand totals listed.
4Based on fineness needed to produce a plant’s normal output mix, including masonry cement, and allowing for downtime for routine maintenance.
5Calculated relative to portland cement output; utilization would be higher if calculated to include output of masonry cement.
6Includes imported cement; stocks of domestic and imported cement at mills; terminals assigned to plants (some of which may be outside the district indicated); and cement in transit.
7Includes estimates for nonrespondents or facilities that provided incomplete information; data have been rounded to three significant digits.
8Stocks include inventory not included on a district basis.
9Includes only those importers or terminals for which district assignations were not possible.
10May not add to totals or weighted averages shown because of independent rounding.
Source: United States Geological Survey Mineral Resources Program
See also: Cement statistics | Mineral commodity prices