Somalia Demographics Profile 2013

Population

10,085,638 (July 2012 est.)
note: this estimate was derived from an official census taken in 1975 by the Somali Government; population counting in Somalia is complicated by the large number of nomads and by refugee movements in response to famine and clan warfare

Age structure

0-14 years: 44.5% (male 2,245,149/female 2,246,512)
15-24 years: 18.8% (male 957,658/female 938,520)
25-54 years: 31% (male 1,613,927/female 1,513,659)
55-64 years: 3.3% (male 151,629/female 180,296)
65 years and over: 2.4% (male 94,638/female 143,650) (2012 est.)

Median age

total: 17.8 years
male: 17.9 years
female: 17.8 years (2012 est.)

Population growth rate

1.596% (2012 est.)

Birth rate

42.12 births/1,000 population (2012 est.)

Death rate

14.55 deaths/1,000 population (July 2012 est.)

Net migration rate

-11.62 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2012 est.)

Urbanization

urban population: 37% of total population (2010)
rate of urbanization: 4.1% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

Major cities - population

MOGADISHU (capital) 1.353 million (2009)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.66 male(s)/female
total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2011 est.)

Infant mortality rate

total: 103.72 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 112.62 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 94.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2012 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 50.8 years
male: 48.86 years
female: 52.8 years (2012 est.)

Total fertility rate

6.26 children born/woman (2012 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate

0.7% (2009 est.)

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS

34,000 (2009 est.)

HIV/AIDS - deaths

1,600 (2009 est.)

Sanitation facility access

improved:
urban: 52% of population
rural: 6% of population
total: 23% of population
unimproved:
urban: 48% of population
rural: 94% of population
total: 77% of population

Major infectious diseases

degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: dengue fever, malaria, and Rift Valley fever
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
animal contact disease: rabies (2009)

Nationality

noun: Somali(s)
adjective: Somali

Ethnic groups

Somali 85%, Bantu and other non-Somali 15% (including 30,000 Arabs)

Religions

Sunni Muslim (Islam) (official, according to the Transitional Federal Charter)

Languages

Somali (official), Arabic (official, according to the Transitional Federal Charter), Italian, English

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 37.8%
male: 49.7%
female: 25.8% (2001 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

total: 3 years
male: 3 years
female: 2 years (2007)

Education expenditures

NA

Maternal mortality rate

1,000 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

32.8% (2006)

Physicians density

0.035 physicians/1,000 population (2006)