| Population | 30,424,878 (July 2021 est.) |
| Nationality | noun: Nepali (singular and plural) adjective: Nepali |
| Ethnic groups | Chhettri 16.6%, Brahman-Hill 12.2%, Magar 7.1%, Tharu 6.6%, Tamang 5.8%, Newar 5%, Kami 4.8%, Muslim 4.4%, Yadav 4%, Rai 2.3%, Gurung 2%, Damai/Dholii 1.8%, Thakuri 1.6%, Limbu 1.5%, Sarki 1.4%, Teli 1.4%, Chamar/Harijan/Ram 1.3%, Koiri/Kushwaha 1.2%, other 19% (2011 est.) note: 125 caste/ethnic groups were reported in the 2011 national census |
| Languages | Nepali (official) 44.6%, Maithali 11.7%, Bhojpuri 6%, Tharu 5.8%, Tamang 5.1%, Newar 3.2%, Bajjika 3%, Magar 3%, Doteli 3%, Urdu 2.6%, Avadhi 1.9%, Limbu 1.3%, Gurung 1.2%, Baitadeli 1%, other 6.4%, unspecified 0.2%; note - 123 languages reported as mother tongue in 2011 national census; many in government and business also speak English (2011 est.) major-language sample(s): ????? ???? ??????,??????? ????????? ???? ????????? ????? (Nepali) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. |
| Religions | Hindu 81.3%, Buddhist 9%, Muslim 4.4%, Kirant 3.1%, Christian 1.4%, other 0.5%, unspecified 0.2% (2011 est.) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 28.36% (male 4,526,786/female 4,073,642) 15-24 years: 20.93% (male 3,276,431/female 3,070,843) 25-54 years: 38.38% (male 5,251,553/female 6,387,365) 55-64 years: 6.64% (male 954,836/female 1,059,360) 65 years and over: 5.69% (male 852,969/female 874,092) (2020 est.) |
| Dependency ratios | total dependency ratio: 53 youth dependency ratio: 44.1 elderly dependency ratio: 8.9 potential support ratio: 11.2 (2020 est.) |
| Median age | total: 25.3 years male: 23.9 years female: 26.9 years (2020 est.) |
| Population growth rate | 0.81% (2021 est.) |
| Birth rate | 17.78 births/1,000 population (2021 est.) |
| Death rate | 5.57 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.) |
| Net migration rate | -4.12 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.) |
| Population distribution | most of the population is divided nearly equally between a concentration in the southern-most plains of the Tarai region and the central hilly region; overall density is quite low |
| Urbanization | urban population: 21% of total population (2021) rate of urbanization: 3.09% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) |
| Major cities - population | 1.472 million KATHMANDU (capital) (2021) |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.11 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 0.82 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.9 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.98 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2020 est.) |
| Mother's mean age at first birth | 21.6 years (2016 est.) note: median age at first birth among women 25-49 |
| Maternal mortality rate | 186 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.) |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 25.73 deaths/1,000 live births male: 27.13 deaths/1,000 live births female: 24.25 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.) |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 72.12 years male: 71.38 years female: 72.9 years (2021 est.) |
| Total fertility rate | 1.93 children born/woman (2021 est.) |
| Contraceptive prevalence rate | 46.7% (2019) |
| Drinking water source | improved: urban: 91.7% of population rural: 91.4% of population total: 91.5% of population unimproved: urban: 8.3% of population rural: 8.6% of population total: 8.5% of population (2017 est.) |
| Health expenditures | 5.8% (2018) |
| Physicians density | 0.75 physicians/1,000 population (2018) |
| Hospital bed density | 0.3 beds/1,000 population (2012) |
| Sanitation facility access | improved: urban: 91.7% of population rural: 71.9% of population total: 75.7% of population unimproved: urban: 7.3% of population rural: 28.1% of population total: 24.3% of population (2017 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate | 0.1% (2020 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS | 30,000 (2020 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - deaths | <1000 (2020 est.) |
| Major infectious diseases | degree of risk: high (2020) food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: Japanese encephalitis, malaria, and dengue fever |
| Obesity - adult prevalence rate | 4.1% (2016) |
| Children under the age of 5 years underweight | 24.4% (2019) |
| Education expenditures | 5.1% of GDP (2018) |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 67.9% male: 78.6% female: 59.7% (2018) |
| School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) | total: 13 years male: 13 years female: 13 years (2019) |
Source: CIA World Factbook
This page was last updated on September 18, 2021
