| Location | Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean |
| Geographic coordinates | 5 00 S, 120 00 E |
| Map references | Southeast Asia |
| Area | total: 1,904,569 sq km land: 1,811,569 sq km water: 93,000 sq km |
| Area - comparative | slightly less than three times the size of Texas |
| Land boundaries | total: 2,958 km border countries (3): Malaysia 1881 km, Papua New Guinea 824 km, Timor-Leste 253 km |
| Coastline | 54,716 km |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm measured from claimed archipelagic straight baselines |
| Climate | tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands |
| Terrain | mostly coastal lowlands; larger islands have interior mountains |
| Elevation extremes | highest point: Puncak Jaya 4,884 m lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m mean elevation: 367 m |
| Natural resources | petroleum, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber, bauxite, copper, fertile soils, coal, gold, silver |
| Land use | agricultural land: 31.2% (2018 est.) arable land: 13% (2018 est.) permanent crops: 12.1% (2018 est.) permanent pasture: 6.1% (2018 est.) forest: 51.7% (2018 est.) other: 17.1% (2018 est.) |
| Irrigated land | 67,220 sq km (2012) |
| Total renewable water resources | 2,018,700,000,000 cubic meters (2017 est.) |
| Natural hazards | occasional floods; severe droughts; tsunamis; earthquakes; volcanoes; forest fires volcanism: Indonesia contains the most volcanoes of any country in the world - some 76 are historically active; significant volcanic activity occurs on Java, Sumatra, the Sunda Islands, Halmahera Island, Sulawesi Island, Sangihe Island, and in the Banda Sea; Merapi (2,968 m), Indonesia's most active volcano and in eruption since 2010, has been deemed a Decade Volcano by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior, worthy of study due to its explosive history and close proximity to human populations; on 22 December 2018, a large explosion and flank collapse destroyed most of the 338 m high island of Anak Krakatau (Child of Krakatau) and generated a deadly tsunami inundating portions of western Java and southern Sumatra leaving more than 400 dead; other notable historically active volcanoes include Agung, Awu, Karangetang, Krakatau (Krakatoa), Makian, Raung, Sinabung, and Tambora; see note 2 under "Geography - note" |
| Geography - note | note 1: according to Indonesia's National Coordinating Agency for Survey and Mapping, the total number of islands in the archipelago is 13,466, of which 922 are permanently inhabited (Indonesia is the world's largest country comprised solely of islands); the country straddles the equator and occupies a strategic location astride or along major sea lanes from the Indian Ocean to the Pacific Ocean note 2: Indonesia is one of the countries along the Ring of Fire, a belt of active volcanoes and earthquake epicenters bordering the Pacific Ocean; up to 90% of the world's earthquakes and some 75% of the world's volcanoes occur within the Ring of Fire; 80% of tsunamis, caused by volcanic or seismic events, occur within the "Pacific Ring of Fire" note 3: despite having the fourth largest population in the world, Indonesia is the most heavily forested region on earth after the Amazon |
Source: CIA World Factbook
This page was last updated on September 18, 2021
