| Air pollutants | particulate matter emissions: 29.66 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.) carbon dioxide emissions: 192.67 megatons (2016 est.) methane emissions: 110.4 megatons (2020 est.) |
| Environment - current issues | logging and slash-and-burn agricultural practices contribute to deforestation and soil degradation; water pollution and overfishing threaten marine life populations; groundwater contamination limits potable water supply; air pollution; growing urban industrialization and population migration are rapidly degrading environment in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Total water withdrawal | municipal: 1.206 billion cubic meters (2017 est.) industrial: 3.074 billion cubic meters (2017 est.) agricultural: 77.75 billion cubic meters (2017 est.) |
| Revenue from forest resources | forest revenues: 1.49% of GDP (2018 est.) |
| Revenue from coal | coal revenues: 0.35% of GDP (2018 est.) |
| Waste and recycling | municipal solid waste generated annually: 9,570,300 tons (2011 est.) municipal solid waste recycled annually: 2,201,169 tons (2014 est.) percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 23% (2014 est.) |
Source: CIA World Factbook
This page was last updated on September 18, 2021
