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Capitale
nom: Brasilia
coordonnées géographiques: 15 47 S, 47 55 W
différence de temps: UTC-3 (2 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins third Sunday in October; ends third Sunday in February

note: Brazil has four time zones, including one for the Fernando de Noronha Islands

etymology: name bestowed on the new capital of Brazil upon its inauguration in 1960; previous Brazilian capitals had been Salvador from 1549 to 1763 and Rio de Janeiro from 1763 to 1960


Fête de l'Indépendance
7 Septembre 1822 (from Portugal)
Fête nationale
Jour De l'Indépendance, 7 Septembre (1822)
Constitution
history: several previous; latest ratified 5 Octobre 1988
amendments: proposed by at least one third of either house of the National Congress, by the president of the republic, or by simple majority vote by more than half of the state legislative assemblies; passage requires at least three-fifths majority vote by both houses in each of two readings; constitutional provisions affecting the federal form of government, separation of powers, suffrage, or individual rights and guarantees cannot be amended; amended many times, last in 2017 (2018)
Suffrage - Age minimum de l'électeur
voluntary between 16 to 18 ans, over 70, and if illiterate; compulsory between 18 to 70 ans; note - military conscripts by law cannot vote
Pouvoir exécutif
chef d'état (Président): Président Jair BOLSONARO (depuis 1 January 2019); Vice Président Antonio Hamilton Martins MOURAO (depuis 1 January 2019); note - the president is both chef d'état (Président) and chef de gouvernement (1er ministre)
chef de gouvernement (1er ministre): Président Jair BOLSONARO (depuis 1 January 2019); Vice Président Antonio Hamilton Martins MOURAO (depuis 1 January 2019)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president
elections/appointments: president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 7 October 2018 with runoff on 28 October 2018 (next to be held in October 2022)
election results: Jair BOLSONARO elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jair BOLSONARO (PSL) 46%, Fernando HADDAD (PT) 29.3%, Ciro GOMEZ (PDT) 12.5%, Geraldo ALCKMIN (PSDB) 4.8%, other 7.4%; percent of vote in second round - Jair BOLSONARO (PSL) 55.1%, Fernando HADDAD (PT) 44.9%

Source: CIA World Factbook - Version du décembre 31, 2019