Upper middle income - Rural population

The value for Rural population in Upper middle income was 817,513,400 as of 2020. As the graph below shows, over the past 60 years this indicator reached a maximum value of 1,128,467,000 in 1992 and a minimum value of 810,600,300 in 1961.

Definition: Rural population refers to people living in rural areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated as the difference between total population and urban population. Aggregation of urban and rural population may not add up to total population because of different country coverages.

Source: World Bank staff estimates based on the United Nations Population Division's World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision.

See also:

Year Value
1960 817,430,900
1961 810,600,300
1962 813,780,500
1963 825,923,500
1964 837,289,800
1965 854,534,200
1966 873,991,000
1967 892,345,000
1968 911,276,500
1969 931,428,400
1970 952,178,700
1971 973,070,400
1972 992,415,800
1973 1,009,958,000
1974 1,025,231,000
1975 1,038,460,000
1976 1,050,651,000
1977 1,061,456,000
1978 1,069,020,000
1979 1,073,438,000
1980 1,077,153,000
1981 1,080,630,000
1982 1,085,147,000
1983 1,090,728,000
1984 1,094,995,000
1985 1,099,412,000
1986 1,104,645,000
1987 1,110,598,000
1988 1,116,306,000
1989 1,121,369,000
1990 1,125,707,000
1991 1,127,836,000
1992 1,128,467,000
1993 1,128,155,000
1994 1,127,086,000
1995 1,125,098,000
1996 1,122,519,000
1997 1,119,318,000
1998 1,115,123,000
1999 1,109,699,000
2000 1,102,966,000
2001 1,092,736,000
2002 1,080,175,000
2003 1,066,727,000
2004 1,052,570,000
2005 1,037,910,000
2006 1,023,159,000
2007 1,008,040,000
2008 992,674,400
2009 977,175,400
2010 961,309,200
2011 946,954,900
2012 933,903,700
2013 920,720,500
2014 907,094,000
2015 892,975,400
2016 878,567,300
2017 864,200,000
2018 849,121,700
2019 833,599,500
2020 817,513,400

Development Relevance: The rural population is calculated using the urban share reported by the United Nations Population Division. There is no universal standard for distinguishing rural from urban areas, and any urban-rural dichotomy is an oversimplification. The two distinct images - isolated farm, thriving metropolis - represent poles on a continuum. Life changes along a variety of dimensions, moving from the most remote forest outpost through fields and pastures, past tiny hamlets, through small towns with weekly farm markets, into intensively cultivated areas near large towns and small cities, eventually reaching the center of a megacity. Along the way access to infrastructure, social services, and nonfarm employment increase, and with them population density and income. A 2005 World Bank Policy Research Paper proposes an operational definition of rurality based on population density and distance to large cities (Chomitz, Buys, and Thomas 2005). The report argues that these criteria are important gradients along which economic behavior and appropriate development interventions vary substantially. Where population densities are low, markets of all kinds are thin, and the unit cost of delivering most social services and many types of infrastructure is high. Where large urban areas are distant, farm-gate or factory-gate prices of outputs will be low and input prices will be high, and it will be difficult to recruit skilled people to public service or private enterprises. Thus, low population density and remoteness together define a set of rural areas that face special development challenges. Countries differ in the way they classify population as "urban" or "rural." Most countries use an urban classification related to the size or characteristics of settlements. Some define urban areas based on the presence of certain infrastructure and services. And other countries designate urban areas based on administrative arrangements. Because of national differences in the characteristics that distinguish urban from rural areas, the distinction between urban and rural population is not amenable to a single definition that would be applicable to all countries. Rural population methodology is defined by various national statistical offices. In the United States, for example, the US Census Bureau's urban-rural classification is fundamentally a delineation of geographical areas, identifying both individual urban areas and the rural areas of the nation. "Rural" encompasses all population, housing, and territory not included within an urban area.

Limitations and Exceptions: Aggregation of urban and rural population may not add up to total population because of different country coverage. There is no consistent and universally accepted standard for distinguishing urban from rural areas, in part because of the wide variety of situations across countries. Estimates of the world's urban population would change significantly if China, India, and a few other populous nations were to change their definition of urban centers. Because the estimates of city and metropolitan area are based on national definitions of what constitutes a city or metropolitan area, cross-country comparisons should be made with caution. To estimate urban populations, UN ratios of urban to total population were applied to the World Bank's estimates of total population.

Statistical Concept and Methodology: Rural population is calculated as the difference between the total population and the urban population. Rural population is approximated as the midyear nonurban population. While a practical means of identifying the rural population, it is not a precise measure. The United Nations Population Division and other agencies provide current population estimates for developing countries that lack recent census data and pre- and post-census estimates for countries with census data.

Aggregation method: Sum

Periodicity: Annual

Classification

Topic: Environment Indicators

Sub-Topic: Density & urbanization