São Tomé and Principe - Mortality rate, infant, female (per 1,000 live births)

The value for Mortality rate, infant, female (per 1,000 live births) in São Tomé and Principe was 11.20 as of 2020. As the graph below shows, over the past 55 years this indicator reached a maximum value of 63.00 in 1986 and a minimum value of 11.20 in 2020.

Definition: Infant mortality rate, female is the number of female infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 female live births in a given year.

Source: Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.

See also:

Year Value
1965 55.80
1966 54.20
1967 52.80
1968 51.80
1969 51.10
1970 50.70
1971 50.70
1972 50.90
1973 51.30
1974 51.60
1975 51.90
1976 52.10
1977 52.30
1978 52.50
1979 52.80
1980 53.20
1981 53.80
1982 54.60
1983 55.60
1984 56.80
1985 57.90
1986 63.00
1987 60.10
1988 61.10
1989 61.80
1990 62.30
1991 62.70
1992 62.80
1993 62.50
1994 61.70
1995 60.50
1996 58.80
1997 56.70
1998 54.30
1999 51.60
2000 48.80
2001 45.90
2002 43.00
2003 40.20
2004 37.50
2005 34.90
2006 32.50
2007 30.30
2008 28.30
2009 26.30
2010 24.40
2011 22.60
2012 20.90
2013 19.30
2014 17.70
2015 16.20
2016 14.90
2017 13.70
2018 12.70
2019 11.90
2020 11.20

Development Relevance: Mortality rates for different age groups (infants, children, and adults) and overall mortality indicators (life expectancy at birth or survival to a given age) are important indicators of health status in a country. Because data on the incidence and prevalence of diseases are frequently unavailable, mortality rates are often used to identify vulnerable populations. And they are among the indicators most frequently used to compare socioeconomic development across countries.

Limitations and Exceptions: Complete vital registration systems are fairly uncommon in developing countries. Thus estimates must be obtained from sample surveys or derived by applying indirect estimation techniques to registration, census, or survey data. Survey data are subject to recall error, and surveys estimating infant/child deaths require large samples because households in which a birth has occurred during a given year cannot ordinarily be preselected for sampling. Indirect estimates rely on model life tables that may be inappropriate for the population concerned. Extrapolations based on outdated surveys may not be reliable for monitoring changes in health status or for comparative analytical work.

Statistical Concept and Methodology: The main sources of mortality data are vital registration systems and direct or indirect estimates based on sample surveys or censuses. A "complete" vital registration system - covering at least 90 percent of vital events in the population - is the best source of age-specific mortality data. Estimates of neonatal, infant, and child mortality tend to vary by source and method for a given time and place. Years for available estimates also vary by country, making comparisons across countries and over time difficult. To make neonatal, infant, and child mortality estimates comparable and to ensure consistency across estimates by different agencies, the United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME), which comprises the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), the World Health Organization (WHO), the World Bank, the United Nations Population Division, and other universities and research institutes, developed and adopted a statistical method that uses all available information to reconcile differences. The method uses statistical models to obtain a best estimate trend line by fitting a country-specific regression model of mortality rates against their reference dates.

Aggregation method: Weighted average

Periodicity: Annual

General Comments: Given that data on the incidence and prevalence of diseases are frequently unavailable, mortality rates are often used to identify vulnerable populations. Moreover, they are among the indicators most frequently used to compare socioeconomic development ac

Classification

Topic: Health Indicators

Sub-Topic: Mortality