Cereal yield (kg per hectare) - Country Ranking - Asia

Definition: Cereal yield, measured as kilograms per hectare of harvested land, includes wheat, rice, maize, barley, oats, rye, millet, sorghum, buckwheat, and mixed grains. Production data on cereals relate to crops harvested for dry grain only. Cereal crops harvested for hay or harvested green for food, feed, or silage and those used for grazing are excluded. The FAO allocates production data to the calendar year in which the bulk of the harvest took place. Most of a crop harvested near the end of a year will be used in the following year.

Source: Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.

See also: Thematic map, Time series comparison

Find indicator:
Rank Country Value Year
1 United Arab Emirates 27,582.10 2018
2 Oman 13,350.50 2018
3 Kuwait 10,482.20 2018
4 Qatar 8,709.40 2018
5 Korea 6,585.00 2018
6 China 6,081.40 2018
7 Japan 5,918.80 2018
8 Vietnam 5,685.40 2018
9 Saudi Arabia 5,608.30 2018
10 Indonesia 5,226.70 2018
11 Bangladesh 4,790.70 2018
12 Lao PDR 4,504.20 2018
13 Malaysia 4,128.00 2018
14 Uzbekistan 4,055.90 2018
15 Sri Lanka 3,761.60 2018
16 Philippines 3,670.50 2018
17 Cambodia 3,623.50 2018
18 Myanmar 3,604.50 2018
19 Dem. People's Rep. Korea 3,564.30 2018
20 Bhutan 3,466.90 2018
21 Tajikistan 3,404.60 2018
22 India 3,247.90 2018
23 Thailand 3,198.20 2018
24 Turkey 3,163.90 2018
25 Kyrgyz Republic 3,162.60 2018
26 Lebanon 3,155.60 2018
27 Pakistan 3,124.40 2018
28 Israel 3,035.40 2018
29 Azerbaijan 3,013.70 2018
30 Nepal 2,896.00 2018
31 Armenia 2,623.60 2018
32 Russia 2,616.20 2018
33 Iraq 2,574.20 2018
34 Timor-Leste 2,555.20 2018
35 Georgia 2,536.40 2018
36 Iran 2,298.80 2018
37 Afghanistan 2,164.90 2018
38 Hong Kong SAR, China 2,021.20 2018
39 Brunei 2,004.00 2018
40 Jordan 1,506.40 2018
41 Kazakhstan 1,359.40 2018
42 Mongolia 1,236.30 2018
43 Syrian Arab Republic 1,204.70 2018
44 Turkmenistan 1,068.70 2018
45 Yemen 759.20 2018

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Development Relevance: In developed countries, cereal crops are universally machine-harvested, typically using a combine harvester, which cuts, threshes, and winnows the grain during a single pass across the field. In many industrialized countries, particularly in the United States and Canada, farmers commonly deliver their newly harvested grain to a grain elevator or a storage facility that consolidates the crops of many farmers. In developing countries, a variety of harvesting methods are used in cereal cultivation, depending on the cost of labor, from small combines to hand tools such as the scythe or cradle. Crop production systems have evolved rapidly over the past century and have resulted in significantly increased crop yields, but have also created undesirable environmental side-effects such as soil degradation and erosion, pollution from chemical fertilizers and agrochemicals and a loss of bio-diversity. Factors such as the green revolution, has led to impressive progress in increasing cereals yields over the last few decades. This progress, however, is not equal across all regions. Continued progress depends on maintaining agricultural research and education. The cultivation of cereals varies widely in different countries and depends partly upon the development of the economy. Production depends on the nature of the soil, the amount of rainfall, irrigation, quality of seeds, and the techniques applied to promote growth.

Limitations and Exceptions: Cereals production data relate to crops harvested for dry grain only. Cereal crops harvested for hay or harvested green for food, feed, or silage and those used for grazing are excluded. The FAO allocates production data to the calendar year in which the bulk of the harvest took place. Most of a crop harvested near the end of a year will be used in the following year. The data are collected by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) through annual questionnaires. The FAO tries to impose standard definitions and reporting methods, but complete consistency across countries and over time is not possible. Thus, data on agricultural land in different climates may not be comparable. For example, permanent pastures are quite different in nature and intensity in African countries and dry Middle Eastern countries. Data on cereal yield may be affected by a variety of reporting and timing differences. Millet and sorghum, which are grown as feed for livestock and poultry in Europe and North America, are used as food in Africa, Asia, and countries of the former Soviet Union. So some cereal crops are excluded from the data for some countries and included elsewhere, depending on their use. The data collected from official national sources through the questionnaire are supplemented with information from official secondary data sources. The secondary sources cover official country data from websites of national ministries, national publications and related country data reported by various international organizations.

Statistical Concept and Methodology: A cereal is a grass cultivated for the edible components of their grain, composed of the endosperm, germ, and bran. Cereal yield is measured as kilograms per hectare of harvested land. Cereal grains are grown in greater quantities and provide more food energy worldwide than any other type of crop; cereal crops therefore can also be called staple crops Cereals production includes wheat, rice, maize, barley, oats, rye, millet, sorghum, buckwheat, and mixed grains. Production data on cereals relate to crops harvested for dry grain only. Cereal crops harvested for hay or harvested green for food, feed, or silage and those used for grazing are excluded.

Aggregation method: Weighted average

Periodicity: Annual