China - Mortality rate, infant, female (per 1,000 live births)

The value for Mortality rate, infant, female (per 1,000 live births) in China was 5.10 as of 2020. As the graph below shows, over the past 51 years this indicator reached a maximum value of 79.50 in 1969 and a minimum value of 5.10 in 2020.

Definition: Infant mortality rate, female is the number of female infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 female live births in a given year.

Source: Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.

See also:

Year Value
1969 79.50
1970 75.90
1971 72.30
1972 68.90
1973 65.50
1974 62.00
1975 58.50
1976 55.00
1977 51.90
1978 49.00
1979 46.40
1980 44.30
1981 42.60
1982 41.30
1983 40.40
1984 39.80
1985 39.60
1986 39.70
1987 39.90
1988 40.20
1989 40.40
1990 40.40
1991 40.10
1992 39.60
1993 38.70
1994 37.60
1995 36.30
1996 34.90
1997 33.40
1998 31.80
1999 30.10
2000 28.20
2001 26.10
2002 24.00
2003 22.00
2004 20.00
2005 18.10
2006 16.50
2007 15.10
2008 13.80
2009 12.70
2010 11.70
2011 10.70
2012 9.90
2013 9.10
2014 8.40
2015 7.70
2016 7.10
2017 6.60
2018 6.10
2019 5.60
2020 5.10

Development Relevance: Mortality rates for different age groups (infants, children, and adults) and overall mortality indicators (life expectancy at birth or survival to a given age) are important indicators of health status in a country. Because data on the incidence and prevalence of diseases are frequently unavailable, mortality rates are often used to identify vulnerable populations. And they are among the indicators most frequently used to compare socioeconomic development across countries.

Limitations and Exceptions: Complete vital registration systems are fairly uncommon in developing countries. Thus estimates must be obtained from sample surveys or derived by applying indirect estimation techniques to registration, census, or survey data. Survey data are subject to recall error, and surveys estimating infant/child deaths require large samples because households in which a birth has occurred during a given year cannot ordinarily be preselected for sampling. Indirect estimates rely on model life tables that may be inappropriate for the population concerned. Extrapolations based on outdated surveys may not be reliable for monitoring changes in health status or for comparative analytical work.

Statistical Concept and Methodology: The main sources of mortality data are vital registration systems and direct or indirect estimates based on sample surveys or censuses. A "complete" vital registration system - covering at least 90 percent of vital events in the population - is the best source of age-specific mortality data. Estimates of neonatal, infant, and child mortality tend to vary by source and method for a given time and place. Years for available estimates also vary by country, making comparisons across countries and over time difficult. To make neonatal, infant, and child mortality estimates comparable and to ensure consistency across estimates by different agencies, the United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME), which comprises the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), the World Health Organization (WHO), the World Bank, the United Nations Population Division, and other universities and research institutes, developed and adopted a statistical method that uses all available information to reconcile differences. The method uses statistical models to obtain a best estimate trend line by fitting a country-specific regression model of mortality rates against their reference dates.

Aggregation method: Weighted average

Periodicity: Annual

General Comments: Given that data on the incidence and prevalence of diseases are frequently unavailable, mortality rates are often used to identify vulnerable populations. Moreover, they are among the indicators most frequently used to compare socioeconomic development ac

Classification

Topic: Health Indicators

Sub-Topic: Mortality