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Ukraine vs. Moldova

Demographics

UkraineMoldova
Population43,745,640 (July 2021 est.)3,323,875 (July 2021 est.)
Age structure0-14 years: 16.16% (male 3,658,127/female 3,438,887)

15-24 years: 9.28% (male 2,087,185/female 1,987,758)

25-54 years: 43.66% (male 9,456,905/female 9,718,758)

55-64 years: 13.87% (male 2,630,329/female 3,463,851)

65 years and over: 17.03% (male 2,523,600/female 4,957,539) (2020 est.)
0-14 years: 18.31% (male 317,243/female 298,673)

15-24 years: 11.27% (male 196,874/female 182,456)

25-54 years: 43.13% (male 738,103/female 712,892)

55-64 years: 13.26% (male 205,693/female 240,555)

65 years and over: 14.03% (male 186,949/female 285,058) (2020 est.)
Median agetotal: 41.2 years

male: 38.2 years

female: 44.3 years (2020 est.)
total: 37.7 years

male: 36.2 years

female: 39.5 years (2020 est.)
Population growth rate-0.49% (2021 est.)-1.1% (2021 est.)
Birth rate9.23 births/1,000 population (2021 est.)10.45 births/1,000 population (2021 est.)
Death rate13.9 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.)12.46 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.)
Net migration rate-0.26 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.)-8.95 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.)
Sex ratioat birth: 1.06 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female

15-24 years: 1.05 male(s)/female

25-54 years: 0.97 male(s)/female

55-64 years: 0.76 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.51 male(s)/female

total population: 0.86 male(s)/female (2020 est.)
at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female

15-24 years: 1.08 male(s)/female

25-54 years: 1.04 male(s)/female

55-64 years: 0.86 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.66 male(s)/female

total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2020 est.)
Infant mortality ratetotal: 7.44 deaths/1,000 live births

male: 8.38 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 6.45 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.)
total: 11.83 deaths/1,000 live births

male: 13.8 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 9.73 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.)
Life expectancy at birthtotal population: 73.18 years

male: 68.51 years

female: 78.15 years (2021 est.)
total population: 72.16 years

male: 68.3 years

female: 76.26 years (2021 est.)
Total fertility rate1.56 children born/woman (2021 est.)1.58 children born/woman (2021 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate1% (2020 est.)0.8% (2020 est.)
Nationalitynoun: Ukrainian(s)

adjective: Ukrainian
noun: Moldovan(s)

adjective: Moldovan
Ethnic groupsUkrainian 77.8%, Russian 17.3%, Belarusian 0.6%, Moldovan 0.5%, Crimean Tatar 0.5%, Bulgarian 0.4%, Hungarian 0.3%, Romanian 0.3%, Polish 0.3%, Jewish 0.2%, other 1.8% (2001 est.)Moldovan 75.1%, Romanian 7%, Ukrainian 6.6%, Gagauz 4.6%, Russian 4.1%, Bulgarian 1.9%, other 0.8% (2014 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS260,000 (2020 est.)14,000 (2020 est.)
ReligionsOrthodox (includes the Orthodox Church of Ukraine (OCU), Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church (UAOC), and the Ukrainian Orthodox - Moscow Patriarchate (UOC-MP)), Ukrainian Greek Catholic, Roman Catholic, Protestant, Muslim, Jewish (2013 est.)

note: Ukraine's population is overwhelmingly Christian; the vast majority - up to two thirds - identify themselves as Orthodox, but many do not specify a particular branch; the OCU and the UOC-MP each represent less than a quarter of the country's population, the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church accounts for 8-10%, and the UAOC accounts for 1-2%; Muslim and Jewish adherents each compose less than 1% of the total population
Orthodox 90.1%, other Christian 2.6%, other 0.1%, agnostic <.1%, atheist 0.2%, unspecified 6.9% (2014 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths3,100 (2020 est.)<500 (2020 est.)
LanguagesUkrainian (official) 67.5%, Russian (regional language) 29.6%, other (includes small Crimean Tatar-, Moldovan/Romanian-, and Hungarian-speaking minorities) 2.9% (2001 est.); note - in February 2018, the Constitutional Court ruled that 2012 language legislation entitling a language spoken by at least 10% of an oblast's population to be given the status of "regional language" - allowing for its use in courts, schools, and other government institutions - was unconstitutional, thus making the law invalid; Ukrainian remains the country's only official nationwide language

major-language sample(s):
??i???? ????? ????i? - ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????????. (Ukrainian)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Moldovan/Romanian 80.2% (official) (56.7% identify their mother tongue as Moldovan, which is virtually the same as Romanian; 23.5% identify Romanian as their mother tongue), Russian 9.7%, Gagauz 4.2% (a Turkish language), Ukrainian 3.9%, Bulgarian 1.5%, Romani 0.3%, other 0.2% (2014 est.); note - data represent mother tongue

major-language sample(s):
Cartea informativa a lumii, sursa indispensabila pentru informatii de baza. (Moldovan/Romanian)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Literacydefinition: age 15 and over can read and write

total population: 99.8%

male: 99.8%

female: 99.7% (2015)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write

total population: 99.4%

male: 99.7%

female: 99.1% (2015)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)total: 15 years

male: 15 years

female: 15 years (2014)
total: 11 years

male: 11 years

female: 12 years (2019)
Education expenditures5.4% of GDP (2017)5.4% of GDP (2018)
Urbanizationurban population: 69.8% of total population (2021)

rate of urbanization: -0.27% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
urban population: 43% of total population (2021)

rate of urbanization: 0.09% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Drinking water sourceimproved: urban: 99.5% of population

rural: 100% of population

total: 99.4% of population

unimproved: urban: 0.5% of population

rural: 0% of population

total: 0.6% of population (2017 est.)
improved: urban: 98.5% of population

rural: 84.6% of population

total: 90.5% of population

unimproved: urban: 1.5% of population

rural: 15.4% of population

total: 9.5% of population (2017 est.)
Sanitation facility accessimproved: urban: 99.4% of population

rural: 96.3% of population

total: 98.4% of population

unimproved: urban: 0.6% of population

rural: 3.7% of population

total: 1.6% of population (2017 est.)
improved: urban: 98.3% of population

rural: 78.9% of population

total: 87.2% of population

unimproved: urban: 1.7% of population

rural: 21.1% of population

total: 12.8% of population (2017 est.)
Major cities - population3.001 million KYIV (capital), 1.426 million Kharkiv, 1.009 million Odesa, 952,000 Dnipropetrovsk, 899,000 Donetsk (2021)494,000 CHISINAU (capital) (2021)
Maternal mortality rate19 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)19 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)
Health expenditures7.7% (2018)6.6% (2018)
Physicians density2.99 physicians/1,000 population (2014)3.21 physicians/1,000 population (2017)
Hospital bed density7.5 beds/1,000 population (2014)5.8 beds/1,000 population (2013)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate24.1% (2016)18.9% (2016)
Mother's mean age at first birth26.2 years (2019 est.)25.2 years (2019 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate65.4% (2012)56% (2020)
Dependency ratiostotal dependency ratio: 49.1

youth dependency ratio: 23.8

elderly dependency ratio: 25.3

potential support ratio: 4 (2020 est.)

note: data include Crimea
total dependency ratio: 39.6

youth dependency ratio: 22.2

elderly dependency ratio: 17.4

potential support ratio: 5.7 (2020 est.)

Source: CIA Factbook