India vs. China
Demographics
| India | China | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 1,281,935,911 (July 2017 est.) | 1,379,302,771 (July 2017 est.) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 27.34% (male 186,087,665/female 164,398,204) 15-24 years: 17.9% (male 121,879,786/female 107,583,437) 25-54 years: 41.08% (male 271,744,709/female 254,834,569) 55-64 years: 7.45% (male 47,846,122/female 47,632,532) 65 years and over: 6.24% (male 37,837,801/female 42,091,086) (2017 est.) | 0-14 years: 17.15% (male 127,484,177/female 109,113,241) 15-24 years: 12.78% (male 94,215,607/female 82,050,623) 25-54 years: 48.51% (male 341,466,438/female 327,661,460) 55-64 years: 10.75% (male 74,771,050/female 73,441,177) 65 years and over: 10.81% (male 71,103,029/female 77,995,969) (2017 est.) |
| Median age | total: 27.9 years male: 27.2 years female: 28.6 years (2017 est.) | total: 37.4 years male: 36.5 years female: 38.4 years (2017 est.) |
| Population growth rate | 1.17% (2017 est.) | 0.41% (2017 est.) |
| Birth rate | 19 births/1,000 population (2017 est.) | 12.3 births/1,000 population (2017 est.) |
| Death rate | 7.3 deaths/1,000 population (2017 est.) | 7.8 deaths/1,000 population (2017 est.) |
| Net migration rate | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.) | -0.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.) |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.12 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.13 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.13 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.9 male(s)/female total population: 1.08 male(s)/female (2016 est.) | at birth: 1.15 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.17 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.14 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.92 male(s)/female total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2016 est.) |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 39.1 deaths/1,000 live births male: 38 deaths/1,000 live births female: 40.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2017 est.) | total: 12 deaths/1,000 live births male: 12.3 deaths/1,000 live births female: 11.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2017 est.) |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 68.8 years male: 67.6 years female: 70.1 years (2017 est.) | total population: 75.7 years male: 73.6 years female: 78 years (2017 est.) |
| Total fertility rate | 2.43 children born/woman (2017 est.) | 1.6 children born/woman (2017 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate | 0.3% (2016 est.) | NA |
| Nationality | noun: Indian(s) adjective: Indian | noun: Chinese (singular and plural) adjective: Chinese |
| Ethnic groups | Indo-Aryan 72%, Dravidian 25%, Mongoloid and other 3% (2000) | Han Chinese 91.6%, Zhuang 1.3%, other (includes Hui, Manchu, Uighur, Miao, Yi, Tujia, Tibetan, Mongol, Dong, Buyei, Yao, Bai, Korean, Hani, Li, Kazakh, Dai, and other nationalities) 7.1% note: the Chinese Government officially recognizes 56 ethnic groups (2010 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS | 2.1 million (2016 est.) | NA |
| Religions | Hindu 79.8%, Muslim 14.2%, Christian 2.3%, Sikh 1.7%, other and unspecified 2% (2011 est.) | Buddhist 18.2%, Christian 5.1%, Muslim 1.8%, folk religion 21.9%, Hindu < 0.1%, Jewish < 0.1%, other 0.7% (includes Daoist (Taoist)), unaffiliated 52.2% note: officially atheist (2010 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - deaths | 62,000 (2016 est.) | NA |
| Languages | Hindi 41%, Bengali 8.1%, Telugu 7.2%, Marathi 7%, Tamil 5.9%, Urdu 5%, Gujarati 4.5%, Kannada 3.7%, Malayalam 3.2%, Oriya 3.2%, Punjabi 2.8%, Assamese 1.3%, Maithili 1.2%, other 5.9% note: English enjoys the status of subsidiary official language but is the most important language for national, political, and commercial communication; Hindi is the most widely spoken language and primary tongue of 41% of the people; there are 14 other official languages: Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, and Sanskrit; Hindustani is a popular variant of Hindi/Urdu spoken widely throughout northern India but is not an official language (2001 est.) | Standard Chinese or Mandarin (official; Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry) note: Zhuang is official in Guangxi Zhuang, Yue is official in Guangdong, Mongolian is official in Nei Mongol, Uighur is official in Xinjiang Uygur, Kyrgyz is official in Xinjiang Uygur, and Tibetan is official in Xizang (Tibet) |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 71.2% male: 81.3% female: 60.6% (2015 est.) | definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 96.4% male: 98.2% female: 94.5% (2015 est.) |
| Major infectious diseases | degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: dengue fever, Japanese encephalitis, and malaria water contact disease: leptospirosis animal contact disease: rabies (2016) | degree of risk: intermediate food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne disease: Japanese encephalitis soil contact disease: hantaviral hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) (2016) |
| School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) | total: 12 years male: 12 years female: 12 years (2014) | total: 14 years male: 14 years female: 14 years (2015) |
| Education expenditures | 3.8% of GDP (2013) | NA |
| Urbanization | urban population: 33.5% of total population (2017) rate of urbanization: 2.28% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.) | urban population: 57.9% of total population (2017) rate of urbanization: 2.3% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.) note: data do not include Hong Kong and Macau |
| Drinking water source | improved: urban: 97.1% of population rural: 92.6% of population total: 94.1% of population unimproved: urban: 2.9% of population rural: 7.4% of population total: 5.9% of population (2015 est.) | improved: urban: 97.5% of population rural: 93% of population total: 95.5% of population unimproved: urban: 2.5% of population rural: 7% of population total: 4.5% of population (2015 est.) |
| Sanitation facility access | improved: urban: 62.6% of population rural: 28.5% of population total: 39.6% of population unimproved: urban: 37.4% of population rural: 71.5% of population total: 60.4% of population (2015 est.) | improved: urban: 86.6% of population rural: 63.7% of population total: 76.5% of population unimproved: urban: 13.4% of population rural: 36.3% of population total: 23.5% of population (2015 est.) |
| Major cities - population | NEW DELHI (capital) 25.703 million; Mumbai 21.043 million; Kolkata 11.766 million; Bangalore 10.087 million; Chennai 9.62 million; Hyderabad 8.944 million (2015) | Shanghai 23.741 million; BEIJING (capital) 20.384 million; Chongqing 13.332 million; Guangdong 12.458 million; Tianjin 11.21 million; Shenzhen 10.749 million (2015) |
| Maternal mortality rate | 174 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.) | 27 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.) |
| Children under the age of 5 years underweight | 35.7% (2015) | 3.4% (2010) |
| Health expenditures | 4.7% of GDP (2014) | 5.5% of GDP (2014) |
| Physicians density | 0.73 physicians/1,000 population (2014) | 1.49 physicians/1,000 population (2011) |
| Hospital bed density | 0.7 beds/1,000 population (2011) | 3.8 beds/1,000 population (2011) |
| Obesity - adult prevalence rate | 3.9% (2016) | 6.2% (2016) |
| Dependency ratios | total dependency ratio: 52.2 youth dependency ratio: 43.6 elderly dependency ratio: 8.6 potential support ratio: 11.7 (2015 est.) | total dependency ratio: 37.7 youth dependency ratio: 24.3 elderly dependency ratio: 13.3 potential support ratio: 7.5 data do not include Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan (2015 est.) |
Source: CIA Factbook
