Hungarian Defense Forces: Land Forces (Army); Air Forces (note - both the air and land components are subordinate to a Joint Forces Combat Command); Logistics Center; Preparation and Training Command (2020)
note: the Hungarian Defense Forces are organized into a joint force structure with ground, air, and logistic components
Romanian Armed Forces: Land Forces, Naval Forces, Air Force; Ministry of Internal Affairs: Romanian Gendarmerie (2021)
Military service age and obligation
18-25 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (abolished 2005); 6-month service obligation (2019)
conscription ended 2006; 18 years of age for male and female voluntary service; all military inductees (including women) contract for an initial 5-year term of service, with subsequent successive 3-year terms until age 36 (2019)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP
1.85% of GDP (2020 est.)
1.25% of GDP (2019)
1.01% of GDP (2018)
1.19% of GDP (2017)
1% of GDP (2016)
2.07% of GDP (2020 est.)
1.84% of GDP (2019)
1.81% of GDP (2018)
1.72% of GDP (2017)
1.41% of GDP (2016)
Military - note
Hungary joined NATO in 1999; Czechia, Hungary, and Poland were invited to begin accession talks at NATO's Madrid Summit in 1997 and in March 1999 they became the first former members of the Warsaw Pact to join the Alliance
Romania officially became a member of NATO in 2004
Military and security service personnel strengths
the Hungarian Defense Forces have approximately 25,000 active duty troops (20,000 Army; 5,000 Air Force) (2020)
the Romanian Armed Forces have approximately 67,000 active duty personnel (50,000 Land Forces; 7,000 Naval Forces; 10,000 Air Force; note: 10-15,000 personnel are considered joint service) (2021)
Military equipment inventories and acquisitions
the inventory of the Hungarian Defense Forces consists largely of Soviet-era weapons, with a smaller mix of more modern European and US equipment; since 2010, Hungary has received limited quantities of equipment from several European countries and the US (2020)
the inventory of the Romanian Armed Forces is comprised mostly of Soviet-era and older domestically-produced weapons systems; there is also a smaller mix of Western-origin equipment; Italy, Portugal (second-hand fighter aircraft), and the US are the leading suppliers of armaments to Romania since 2010 (2020)
