Home

Bulgaria vs. Romania

Demographics

BulgariaRomania
Population6,919,180 (July 2021 est.)21,230,362 (July 2021 est.)
Age structure0-14 years: 14.52% (male 520,190/female 491,506)

15-24 years: 9.4% (male 340,306/female 314,241)

25-54 years: 42.87% (male 1,538,593/female 1,448,080)

55-64 years: 13.15% (male 433,943/female 482,474)

65 years and over: 20.06% (male 562,513/female 835,053) (2020 est.)
0-14 years: 14.12% (male 1,545,196/female 1,463,700)

15-24 years: 10.31% (male 1,126,997/female 1,068,817)

25-54 years: 46.26% (male 4,993,886/female 4,860,408)

55-64 years: 11.73% (male 1,176,814/female 1,322,048)

65 years and over: 17.58% (male 1,516,472/female 2,228,555) (2020 est.)
Median agetotal: 43.7 years

male: 41.9 years

female: 45.6 years (2020 est.)
total: 42.5 years

male: 41 years

female: 44 years (2020 est.)
Population growth rate-0.67% (2021 est.)-0.38% (2021 est.)
Birth rate8.15 births/1,000 population (2021 est.)8.39 births/1,000 population (2021 est.)
Death rate14.52 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.)11.99 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.)
Net migration rate-0.29 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.)-0.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.)
Sex ratioat birth: 1.06 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female

15-24 years: 1.08 male(s)/female

25-54 years: 1.06 male(s)/female

55-64 years: 0.9 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female

total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2020 est.)
at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female

15-24 years: 1.05 male(s)/female

25-54 years: 1.03 male(s)/female

55-64 years: 0.89 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female

total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2020 est.)
Infant mortality ratetotal: 8.14 deaths/1,000 live births

male: 9.19 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 7.03 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.)
total: 9.41 deaths/1,000 live births

male: 10.82 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 7.91 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.)
Life expectancy at birthtotal population: 75.3 years

male: 72.08 years

female: 78.73 years (2021 est.)
total population: 76.3 years

male: 72.88 years

female: 79.94 years (2021 est.)
Total fertility rate1.49 children born/woman (2021 est.)1.38 children born/woman (2021 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate<.1% (2019 est.)0.1% (2020 est.)
Nationalitynoun: Bulgarian(s)

adjective: Bulgarian
noun: Romanian(s)

adjective: Romanian
Ethnic groupsBulgarian 76.9%, Turkish 8%, Romani 4.4%, other 0.7% (including Russian, Armenian, and Vlach), other (unknown) 10% (2011 est.)

note: Romani populations are usually underestimated in official statistics and may represent 9-11% of Bulgaria's population
Romanian 83.4%, Hungarian 6.1%, Romani 3.1%, Ukrainian 0.3%, German 0.2%, other 0.7%, unspecified 6.1% (2011 est.)

note: Romani populations are usually underestimated in official statistics and may represent 5-11% of Romania's population
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS3,300 (2019 est.)19,000 (2020 est.)

note: estimate does not include children
ReligionsEastern Orthodox 59.4%, Muslim 7.8%, other (including Catholic, Protestant, Armenian Apostolic Orthodox, and Jewish) 1.7%, none 3.7%, unspecified 27.4% (2011 est.)Eastern Orthodox (including all sub-denominations) 81.9%, Protestant (various denominations including Reformed and Pentecostal) 6.4%, Roman Catholic 4.3%, other (includes Muslim) 0.9%, none or atheist 0.2%, unspecified 6.3% (2011 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths<100 (2019 est.)<500 (2020 est.)

note: estimate does not include children
LanguagesBulgarian (official) 76.8%, Turkish 8.2%, Romani 3.8%, other 0.7%, unspecified 10.5% (2011 est.)

major-language sample(s):
????o??? ???????, ???????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????????. (Bulgarian)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Romanian (official) 85.4%, Hungarian 6.3%, Romani 1.2%, other 1%, unspecified 6.1% (2011 est.)

major-language sample(s):
Cartea informativa a lumii, sursa indispensabila pentru informatii de baza. (Romanian)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Literacydefinition: age 15 and over can read and write

total population: 98.4%

male: 98.7%

female: 98.1% (2015)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write

total population: 98.8%

male: 99.1%

female: 98.6% (2018)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)total: 14 years

male: 14 years

female: 14 years (2018)
total: 14 years

male: 14 years

female: 15 years (2018)
Education expenditures4.1% of GDP (2017)3.1% of GDP (2017)
Urbanizationurban population: 76% of total population (2021)

rate of urbanization: -0.28% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
urban population: 54.3% of total population (2021)

rate of urbanization: -0.15% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Drinking water sourceimproved: urban: 100% of population

rural: 98% of population

total: 100% of population

unimproved: urban: 0% of population

rural: 2% of population

total: 0% of population (2017 est.)
improved: urban: 100% of population

rural: 100% of population

total: 100% of population

unimproved: urban: 0% of population

rural: 0% of population

total: 0% of population (2017 est.)
Sanitation facility accessimproved: urban: 100% of population

rural: 100% of population

total: 100% of population

unimproved: urban: 0% of population

rural: 0% of population

total: 0% of population (2017 est.)
improved: urban: 95.3% of population

rural: 71.5% of population

total: 84.3% of population

unimproved: urban: 4.7% of population

rural: 28.5% of population

total: 15.7% of population (2017 est.)
Major cities - population1.284 million SOFIA (capital) (2021)1.794 million BUCHAREST (capital) (2021)
Maternal mortality rate10 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)19 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)
Health expenditures7.4% (2018)5.6% (2018)
Physicians density4.03 physicians/1,000 population (2015)2.98 physicians/1,000 population (2017)
Hospital bed density7.5 beds/1,000 population (2017)6.9 beds/1,000 population (2017)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate25% (2016)22.5% (2016)
Mother's mean age at first birth26.3 years (2019 est.)26.9 years (2019 est.)
Dependency ratiostotal dependency ratio: 56.6

youth dependency ratio: 23

elderly dependency ratio: 33.6

potential support ratio: 3 (2020 est.)
total dependency ratio: 53.3

youth dependency ratio: 23.8

elderly dependency ratio: 29.5

potential support ratio: 3.4 (2020 est.)

Source: CIA Factbook