Brunei vs. Malaysia
Geography
| Brunei | Malaysia | |
|---|---|---|
| Location | Southeastern Asia, along the northern coast of the island of Borneo, bordering the South China Sea and Malaysia | Southeastern Asia, peninsula bordering Thailand and northern one-third of the island of Borneo, bordering Indonesia, Brunei, and the South China Sea, south of Vietnam |
| Geographic coordinates | 4 30 N, 114 40 E | 2 30 N, 112 30 E |
| Map references | Southeast Asia | Southeast Asia |
| Area | total: 5,765 sq km land: 5,265 sq km water: 500 sq km | total: 329,847 sq km land: 328,657 sq km water: 1,190 sq km |
| Area - comparative | slightly smaller than Delaware | slightly larger than New Mexico |
| Land boundaries | total: 266 km border countries (1): Malaysia 266 km | total: 2,742 km border countries (3): Brunei 266 km, Indonesia 1881 km, Thailand 595 km |
| Coastline | 161 km | 4,675 km (Peninsular Malaysia 2,068 km, East Malaysia 2,607 km) |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm or to median line | territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation; specified boundary in the South China Sea |
| Climate | tropical; hot, humid, rainy | tropical; annual southwest (April to October) and northeast (October to February) monsoons |
| Terrain | flat coastal plain rises to mountains in east; hilly lowland in west | coastal plains rising to hills and mountains |
| Elevation extremes | highest point: Bukit Pagon 1,850 m lowest point: South China Sea 0 m mean elevation: 478 m | highest point: Gunung Kinabalu 4,095 m lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m mean elevation: 419 m |
| Natural resources | petroleum, natural gas, timber | tin, petroleum, timber, copper, iron ore, natural gas, bauxite |
| Land use | agricultural land: 2.5% (2018 est.) arable land: 0.8% (2018 est.) permanent crops: 1.1% (2018 est.) permanent pasture: 0.6% (2018 est.) forest: 71.8% (2018 est.) other: 25.7% (2018 est.) | agricultural land: 23.2% (2018 est.) arable land: 2.9% (2018 est.) permanent crops: 19.4% (2018 est.) permanent pasture: 0.9% (2018 est.) forest: 62% (2018 est.) other: 14.8% (2018 est.) |
| Irrigated land | 10 sq km (2012) | 3,800 sq km (2012) |
| Natural hazards | typhoons, earthquakes, and severe flooding are rare | flooding; landslides; forest fires |
| Environment - current issues | no major environmental problems, but air pollution control is becoming a concern; seasonal trans-boundary haze from forest fires in Indonesia | air pollution from industrial and vehicular emissions; water pollution from raw sewage; deforestation; smoke/haze from Indonesian forest fires; endangered species; coastal reclamation damaging mangroves and turtle nesting sites |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements | party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protection, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Geography - note | close to vital sea lanes through South China Sea linking Indian and Pacific Oceans; two parts physically separated by Malaysia; the eastern part, the Temburong district, is an exclave and is almost an enclave within Malaysia | strategic location along Strait of Malacca and southern South China Sea |
| Total renewable water resources | 8.5 billion cubic meters (2017 est.) | 580 billion cubic meters (2017 est.) |
Source: CIA Factbook
