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Bosnia and Herzegovina vs. Montenegro

Demographics

Bosnia and HerzegovinaMontenegro
Population3,824,782 (July 2021 est.)607,414 (July 2021 est.)
Age structure0-14 years: 13.18% (male 261,430/female 244,242)

15-24 years: 10.83% (male 214,319/female 201,214)

25-54 years: 44.52% (male 859,509/female 848,071)

55-64 years: 15.24% (male 284,415/female 300,168)

65 years and over: 16.22% (male 249,624/female 372,594) (2020 est.)
0-14 years: 18.14% (male 57,402/female 53,217)

15-24 years: 12.78% (male 40,220/female 37,720)

25-54 years: 39.65% (male 120,374/female 121,461)

55-64 years: 13.41% (male 40,099/female 41,670)

65 years and over: 16.02% (male 42,345/female 55,351) (2020 est.)
Median agetotal: 43.3 years

male: 41.6 years

female: 44.8 years (2020 est.)
total: 39.6 years

male: 38.1 years

female: 41.1 years (2020 est.)
Population growth rate-0.21% (2021 est.)-0.4% (2021 est.)
Birth rate8.5 births/1,000 population (2021 est.)11.35 births/1,000 population (2021 est.)
Death rate10.25 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.)10.37 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.)
Net migration rate-0.38 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.)-4.95 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.)
Sex ratioat birth: 1.07 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.07 male(s)/female

15-24 years: 1.07 male(s)/female

25-54 years: 1.01 male(s)/female

55-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female

total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2020 est.)
at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.08 male(s)/female

15-24 years: 1.07 male(s)/female

25-54 years: 0.99 male(s)/female

55-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female

total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2020 est.)
Infant mortality ratetotal: 5.32 deaths/1,000 live births

male: 5.44 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 5.19 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.)
total: 3.29 deaths/1,000 live births

male: 2.75 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 3.85 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.)
Life expectancy at birthtotal population: 77.74 years

male: 74.76 years

female: 80.93 years (2021 est.)
total population: 77.51 years

male: 75.06 years

female: 80.04 years (2021 est.)
Total fertility rate1.35 children born/woman (2021 est.)1.82 children born/woman (2021 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate<.1% (2018)<.1% (2020 est.)
Nationalitynoun: Bosnian(s), Herzegovinian(s)

adjective: Bosnian, Herzegovinian
noun: Montenegrin(s)

adjective: Montenegrin
Ethnic groupsBosniak 50.1%, Serb 30.8%, Croat 15.4%, other 2.7%, not declared/no answer 1% (2013 est.)

note: Republika Srpska authorities dispute the methodology and refuse to recognize the results; Bosniak has replaced Muslim as an ethnic term in part to avoid confusion with the religious term Muslim - an adherent of Islam
Montenegrin 45%, Serbian 28.7%, Bosniak 8.7%, Albanian 4.9%, Muslim 3.3%, Romani 1%, Croat 1%, other 2.6%, unspecified 4.9% (2011 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS<500 (2018)<500 (2020 est.)

note: estimate does not include children
ReligionsMuslim 50.7%, Orthodox 30.7%, Roman Catholic 15.2%, atheist 0.8%, agnostic 0.3%, other 1.2%, undeclared/no answer 1.1% (2013 est.)Orthodox 72.1%, Muslim 19.1%, Catholic 3.4%, atheist 1.2%, other 1.5%, unspecified 2.6% (2011 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths<100 (2018)<100 (2020 est.)

note: estimate does not include children
LanguagesBosnian (official) 52.9%, Serbian (official) 30.8%, Croatian (official) 14.6%, other 1.6%, no answer 0.2% (2013 est.)

major-language sample(s):
Knjiga svjetskih cinjenica, neophodan izvor osnovnih informacija. (Bosnian/Montenegrin)

Knjiga svetskih cinjenica, neophodan izvor osnovnih informacija. (Serbian)

Knjiga svjetskih cinjenica, nuzan izvor osnovnih informacija. (Croatian)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Serbian 42.9%, Montenegrin (official) 37%, Bosnian 5.3%, Albanian 5.3%, Serbo-Croat 2%, other 3.5%, unspecified 4% (2011 est.)

major-language sample(s):
Knjiga svetskih cinjenica, neophodan izvor osnovnih informacija. (Serbian) 

Knjiga svjetskih cinjenica, neophodan izvor osnovnih informacija. (Montenegrin/Bosnian)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Literacydefinition: age 15 and over can read and write

total population: 98.5%

male: 99.5%

female: 97.5% (2015)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write

total population: 98.8%

male: 99.5%

female: 98.3% (2018)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)total: 14 years

male: 14 years

female: 15 years (2014)
total: 15 years

male: 15 years

female: 15 years (2019)
Education expendituresNANA
Urbanizationurban population: 49.4% of total population (2021)

rate of urbanization: 0.61% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
urban population: 67.8% of total population (2021)

rate of urbanization: 0.45% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Drinking water sourceimproved: urban: 99.9% of population

rural: 100% of population

total: 99.9% of population

unimproved: urban: 0.1% of population

rural: 0% of population

total: 0.1% of population (2017 est.)
improved: urban: 100% of population

rural: 100% of population

total: 99.8% of population

unimproved: urban: 0% of population

rural: 0% of population

total: 0.2% of population (2017 est.)
Sanitation facility accessimproved: urban: 98.9% of population

rural: 92.1% of population

total: 95.4% of population

unimproved: urban: 1.1% of population

rural: 7.9% of population

total: 4.5% of population (2017 est.)
improved: urban: 100% of population

rural: 93.9% of population

total: 97.8% of population

unimproved: urban: 0% of population

rural: 6.1% of population

total: 2.2% of population (2017 est.)
Major cities - population344,000 SARAJEVO (capital) (2021)177,000 PODGORICA (capital) (2018)
Maternal mortality rate10 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)6 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight1.6% (2012)3.7% (2018/19)
Health expenditures8.9% (2018)8.4% (2018)
Physicians density2.16 physicians/1,000 population (2015)2.76 physicians/1,000 population (2018)
Hospital bed density3.5 beds/1,000 population (2014)3.9 beds/1,000 population (2017)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate17.9% (2016)23.3% (2016)
Mother's mean age at first birth27.7 years (2019 est.)26.3 years (2010 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate45.8% (2011/12)20.7% (2018)
Dependency ratiostotal dependency ratio: 48

youth dependency ratio: 21.5

elderly dependency ratio: 26.5

potential support ratio: 3.8 (2020 est.)
total dependency ratio: 51.1

youth dependency ratio: 27.3

elderly dependency ratio: 23.8

potential support ratio: 4.2 (2020 est.)

Source: CIA Factbook