Afghanistan vs. Tajikistan
Demographics
| Afghanistan | Tajikistan | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 36,643,815 (July 2020 est.) | 8,873,669 (July 2020 est.) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 40.62% (male 7,562,703/female 7,321,646) 15-24 years: 21.26% (male 3,960,044/female 3,828,670) 25-54 years: 31.44% (male 5,858,675/female 5,661,887) 55-64 years: 4.01% (male 724,597/female 744,910) 65 years and over: 2.68% (male 451,852/female 528,831) (2020 est.) | 0-14 years: 31.43% (male 1,420,271/female 1,368,445) 15-24 years: 18.13% (male 816,658/female 792,231) 25-54 years: 40.58% (male 1,789,271/female 1,811,566) 55-64 years: 6.23% (male 253,862/female 299,378) 65 years and over: 3.63% (male 132,831/female 189,156) (2020 est.) |
| Median age | total: 19.5 years male: 19.4 years female: 19.5 years (2020 est.) | total: 25.3 years male: 24.6 years female: 26 years (2020 est.) |
| Population growth rate | 2.38% (2020 est.) | 1.52% (2020 est.) |
| Birth rate | 36.7 births/1,000 population (2020 est.) | 21.8 births/1,000 population (2020 est.) |
| Death rate | 12.7 deaths/1,000 population (2020 est.) | 5.8 deaths/1,000 population (2020 est.) |
| Net migration rate | -0.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2020 est.) | -1.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2020 est.) |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female total population: 102.6 male(s)/female (2020 est.) | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.85 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female total population: 98.9 male(s)/female (2020 est.) |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 104.3 deaths/1,000 live births male: 111.3 deaths/1,000 live births female: 96.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2020 est.) | total: 28.8 deaths/1,000 live births male: 32.7 deaths/1,000 live births female: 24.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2020 est.) |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 52.8 years male: 51.4 years female: 54.4 years (2020 est.) | total population: 69 years male: 65.9 years female: 72.3 years (2020 est.) |
| Total fertility rate | 4.82 children born/woman (2020 est.) | 2.51 children born/woman (2020 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate | <.1% (2019 est.) | 0.2% (2019 est.) |
| Nationality | noun: Afghan(s) adjective: Afghan | noun: Tajikistani(s) adjective: Tajikistani |
| Ethnic groups | Pashtun, Tajik, Hazara, Uzbek, other (includes smaller numbers of Baloch, Turkmen, Nuristani, Pamiri, Arab, Gujar, Brahui, Qizilbash, Aimaq, Pashai, and Kyrghyz) (2015) note: current statistical data on the sensitive subject of ethnicity in Afghanistan are not available, and ethnicity data from small samples of respondents to opinion polls are not a reliable alternative; Afghanistan's 2004 constitution recognizes 14 ethnic groups: Pashtun, Tajik, Hazara, Uzbek, Baloch, Turkmen, Nuristani, Pamiri, Arab, Gujar, Brahui, Qizilbash, Aimaq, and Pashai | Tajik 84.3% (includes Pamiri and Yagnobi), Uzbek 13.8%, other 2% (includes Kyrgyz, Russian, Turkmen, Tatar, Arab) (2014 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS | 11,000 (2019 est.) | 14,000 (2019 est.) |
| Religions | Muslim 99.7% (Sunni 84.7 - 89.7%, Shia 10 - 15%), other 0.3% (2009 est.) | Muslim 98% (Sunni 95%, Shia 3%) other 2% (2014 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - deaths | <500 (2019 est.) | <500 (2019 est.) |
| Languages | Afghan Persian or Dari (official) 77% (Dari functions as the lingua franca), Pashto (official) 48%, Uzbek 11%, English 6%, Turkmen 3%, Urdu 3%, Pashayi 1%, Nuristani 1%, Arabic 1%, Balochi 1% (2017 est.) note: data represent most widely spoken languages; shares sum to more than 100% because there is much bilingualism in the country and because respondents were allowed to select more than one language note: the Turkic languages Uzbek and Turkmen, as well as Balochi, Pashayi, Nuristani, and Pamiri are the third official languages in areas where the majority speaks them | Tajik (official) 84.4%, Uzbek 11.9%, Kyrgyz .8%, Russian .5%, other 2.4% (2010 est.) note: Russian widely used in government and business |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 43% male: 55.5% female: 29.8% (2018) | definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99.8% male: 99.8% female: 99.7% (2015) |
| Major infectious diseases | degree of risk: intermediate (2020) food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: Crimea-Congo hemorrhagic fever, malaria | degree of risk: high (2020) food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria |
| School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) | total: 10 years male: 13 years female: 8 years (2018) | total: 11 years male: 12 years female: 11 years (2013) |
| Education expenditures | 4.1% of GDP (2017) | 5.2% of GDP (2015) |
| Urbanization | urban population: 26% of total population (2020) rate of urbanization: 3.37% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.) | urban population: 27.5% of total population (2020) rate of urbanization: 2.62% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.) |
| Drinking water source | improved: urban: 95.9% of population rural: 61.4% of population total: 70.2% of population unimproved: urban: 3.2% of population rural: 38.6% of population total: 38.6% of population (2017 est.) | improved: urban: 96.2% of population rural: 78.6% of population total: 83.5% of population unimproved: urban: 3.8% of population rural: 21.4% of population total: 16.5% of population (2017 est.) |
| Sanitation facility access | improved: urban: 83.6% of population rural: 43% of population total: 53.2% of population unimproved: urban: 16.4% of population rural: 57% of population total: 46.8% of population (2017 est.) | improved: urban: 99.7% of population rural: 99.3% of population total: 99.4% of population unimproved: urban: 0.3% of population rural: 0.7% of population total: 2% of population (2017 est.) |
| Major cities - population | 4.222 million KABUL (capital) (2020) | 916,000 DUSHANBE (capital) (2020) |
| Maternal mortality rate | 638 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.) | 17 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.) |
| Children under the age of 5 years underweight | 19.1% (2018) | 7.6% (2017) |
| Health expenditures | 11.8% (2017) | 7.2% (2017) |
| Physicians density | 0.28 physicians/1,000 population (2016) | 2.1 physicians/1,000 population (2014) |
| Hospital bed density | 0.4 beds/1,000 population (2017) | 4.7 beds/1,000 population (2014) |
| Obesity - adult prevalence rate | 5.5% (2016) | 14.2% (2016) |
| Mother's mean age at first birth | 19.9 years (2015 est.) note: median age at first birth among women 25-29 | 23.2 years (2017 est.) note: median age at first birth among women 25-29 |
| Contraceptive prevalence rate | 18.9% (2018) note: percent of women aged 12-49 | 29.3% (2017) |
| Dependency ratios | total dependency ratio: 88.8 youth dependency ratio: 75.3 elderly dependency ratio: 4.8 potential support ratio: 21 (2020 est.) | total dependency ratio: 67.9 youth dependency ratio: 62.6 elderly dependency ratio: 5.3 potential support ratio: 18.7 (2020 est.) |
Source: CIA Factbook
