Afghanistan vs. China
Demographics
| Afghanistan | China | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 36,643,815 (July 2020 est.) | 1,394,015,977 (July 2020 est.) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 40.62% (male 7,562,703/female 7,321,646) 15-24 years: 21.26% (male 3,960,044/female 3,828,670) 25-54 years: 31.44% (male 5,858,675/female 5,661,887) 55-64 years: 4.01% (male 724,597/female 744,910) 65 years and over: 2.68% (male 451,852/female 528,831) (2020 est.) | 0-14 years: 17.29% (male 129,296,339/female 111,782,427) 15-24 years: 11.48% (male 86,129,841/female 73,876,148) 25-54 years: 46.81% (male 333,789,731/female 318,711,557) 55-64 years: 12.08% (male 84,827,645/female 83,557,507) 65 years and over: 12.34% (male 81,586,490/female 90,458,292) (2020 est.) |
| Median age | total: 19.5 years male: 19.4 years female: 19.5 years (2020 est.) | total: 38.4 years male: 37.5 years female: 39.4 years (2020 est.) |
| Population growth rate | 2.38% (2020 est.) | 0.32% (2020 est.) |
| Birth rate | 36.7 births/1,000 population (2020 est.) | 11.6 births/1,000 population (2020 est.) |
| Death rate | 12.7 deaths/1,000 population (2020 est.) | 8.2 deaths/1,000 population (2020 est.) |
| Net migration rate | -0.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2020 est.) | -0.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2020 est.) |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female total population: 102.6 male(s)/female (2020 est.) | at birth: 1.11 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.16 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.17 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.9 male(s)/female total population: 105.5 male(s)/female (2020 est.) |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 104.3 deaths/1,000 live births male: 111.3 deaths/1,000 live births female: 96.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2020 est.) | total: 11.4 deaths/1,000 live births male: 11.9 deaths/1,000 live births female: 10.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2020 est.) |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 52.8 years male: 51.4 years female: 54.4 years (2020 est.) | total population: 76.1 years male: 74 years female: 78.4 years (2020 est.) |
| Total fertility rate | 4.82 children born/woman (2020 est.) | 1.6 children born/woman (2020 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate | <.1% (2019 est.) | NA |
| Nationality | noun: Afghan(s) adjective: Afghan | noun: Chinese (singular and plural) adjective: Chinese |
| Ethnic groups | Pashtun, Tajik, Hazara, Uzbek, other (includes smaller numbers of Baloch, Turkmen, Nuristani, Pamiri, Arab, Gujar, Brahui, Qizilbash, Aimaq, Pashai, and Kyrghyz) (2015) note: current statistical data on the sensitive subject of ethnicity in Afghanistan are not available, and ethnicity data from small samples of respondents to opinion polls are not a reliable alternative; Afghanistan's 2004 constitution recognizes 14 ethnic groups: Pashtun, Tajik, Hazara, Uzbek, Baloch, Turkmen, Nuristani, Pamiri, Arab, Gujar, Brahui, Qizilbash, Aimaq, and Pashai | Han Chinese 91.6%, Zhuang 1.3%, other (includes Hui, Manchu, Uighur, Miao, Yi, Tujia, Tibetan, Mongol, Dong, Buyei, Yao, Bai, Korean, Hani, Li, Kazakh, Dai, and other nationalities) 7.1% (2010 est.) note: the Chinese Government officially recognizes 56 ethnic groups |
| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS | 11,000 (2019 est.) | NA |
| Religions | Muslim 99.7% (Sunni 84.7 - 89.7%, Shia 10 - 15%), other 0.3% (2009 est.) | Buddhist 18.2%, Christian 5.1%, Muslim 1.8%, folk religion 21.9%, Hindu < 0.1%, Jewish < 0.1%, other 0.7% (includes Daoist (Taoist)), unaffiliated 52.2% (2010 est.) note: officially atheist |
| HIV/AIDS - deaths | <500 (2019 est.) | NA |
| Languages | Afghan Persian or Dari (official) 77% (Dari functions as the lingua franca), Pashto (official) 48%, Uzbek 11%, English 6%, Turkmen 3%, Urdu 3%, Pashayi 1%, Nuristani 1%, Arabic 1%, Balochi 1% (2017 est.) note: data represent most widely spoken languages; shares sum to more than 100% because there is much bilingualism in the country and because respondents were allowed to select more than one language note: the Turkic languages Uzbek and Turkmen, as well as Balochi, Pashayi, Nuristani, and Pamiri are the third official languages in areas where the majority speaks them | Standard Chinese or Mandarin (official; Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry) note: Zhuang is official in Guangxi Zhuang, Yue is official in Guangdong, Mongolian is official in Nei Mongol, Uighur is official in Xinjiang Uygur, Kyrgyz is official in Xinjiang Uygur, and Tibetan is official in Xizang (Tibet) |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 43% male: 55.5% female: 29.8% (2018) | definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 96.8% male: 98.5% female: 95.2% (2018) |
| Major infectious diseases | degree of risk: intermediate (2020) food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: Crimea-Congo hemorrhagic fever, malaria | degree of risk: high (2020) food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Japanese encephalitis soil contact diseases: hantaviral hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) note: a new coronavirus is causing an outbreak of respiratory illness (COVID-19) in China; illness with this virus has ranged from mild to severe with fatalities reported; the US Department of State has issued a do not travel advisory for China due to COVID-19; the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has also recommended against travel to China and published additional guidance at https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/warning/novel-coronavirus-china; the US Department of Homeland Security has issued instructions requiring US passengers who have been in China to travel through select airports where the US Government has implemented enhanced screening procedures; as of 10 November 2020, China has reported 92,195 confirmed cases of COVID-19 with 4,748 deaths to the World Health Organization |
| School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) | total: 10 years male: 13 years female: 8 years (2018) | total: 14 years male: 14 years female: 14 years (2015) |
| Education expenditures | 4.1% of GDP (2017) | NA |
| Urbanization | urban population: 26% of total population (2020) rate of urbanization: 3.37% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.) | urban population: 61.4% of total population (2020) rate of urbanization: 2.42% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.) note: data do not include Hong Kong and Macau |
| Drinking water source | improved: urban: 95.9% of population rural: 61.4% of population total: 70.2% of population unimproved: urban: 3.2% of population rural: 38.6% of population total: 38.6% of population (2017 est.) | improved: urban: 97.7% of population rural: 87.8% of population total: 92.8% of population unimproved: urban: 2.3% of population rural: 12.2% of population total: 7.2% of population (2017 est.) |
| Sanitation facility access | improved: urban: 83.6% of population rural: 43% of population total: 53.2% of population unimproved: urban: 16.4% of population rural: 57% of population total: 46.8% of population (2017 est.) | improved: urban: 97.1% of population rural: 82% of population total: 90.7% of population unimproved: urban: 2.4% of population rural: 18% of population total: 9.3% of population (2017 est.) |
| Major cities - population | 4.222 million KABUL (capital) (2020) | 27.058 million Shanghai, 20.463 million BEIJING (capital), 15.872 million Chongqing, 13.589 million Tianjin, 13.302 million Guangzhou, 12.357 million Shenzhen (2020) |
| Maternal mortality rate | 638 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.) | 29 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.) |
| Children under the age of 5 years underweight | 19.1% (2018) | 2.4% (2013) |
| Health expenditures | 11.8% (2017) | 5.2% (2017) |
| Physicians density | 0.28 physicians/1,000 population (2016) | 1.98 physicians/1,000 population (2017) |
| Hospital bed density | 0.4 beds/1,000 population (2017) | 4.3 beds/1,000 population (2017) |
| Obesity - adult prevalence rate | 5.5% (2016) | 6.2% (2016) |
| Contraceptive prevalence rate | 18.9% (2018) note: percent of women aged 12-49 | 84.5% (2017) |
| Dependency ratios | total dependency ratio: 88.8 youth dependency ratio: 75.3 elderly dependency ratio: 4.8 potential support ratio: 21 (2020 est.) | total dependency ratio: 42.2 youth dependency ratio: 25.2 elderly dependency ratio: 17 potential support ratio: 5.9 (2020 est.) data do not include Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan |
Source: CIA Factbook
