Definition: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of the Factbook. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons. Low levels of literacy, and education in general, can impede the economic development of a country in the current rapidly changing, technology-driven world.
Source: CIA World Factbook - Unless otherwise noted, information in this page is accurate as of January 1, 2012
See also: Literacy bar chart
| Country Name | Literacy (%) | Year of Estimate |
|---|---|---|
| Finland | 100 | 2000 |
| Greenland | 100 | 2001 |
| Luxembourg | 100 | 2000 |
| Latvia | 100 | 2010 |
| Cuba | 100 | 2002 |
| Estonia | 100 | 2010 |
| Azerbaijan | 100 | 2010 |
| Barbados | 100 | 2002 |
| Georgia | 100 | 2010 |
| Lithuania | 100 | 2010 |
| Slovenia | 100 | 2010 |
| Tajikistan | 100 | 2010 |
| Ukraine | 100 | 2010 |
| Samoa | 100 | 2003 |
| Slovakia | 100 | 2004 |
| Russia | 100 | 2010 |
| Armenia | 100 | 2010 |
| Belarus | 100 | 2009 |
| Poland | 100 | 2010 |
| Kazakhstan | 100 | 1999 |
| Uzbekistan | 99 | 2003 |
| United Kingdom | 99 | 2003 |
| United States | 99 | 2003 |
| Sweden | 99 | 2003 |
| Switzerland | 99 | 2003 |
| Korea, North | 99 | 1991 |
| Hungary | 99 | 2010 |
| Iceland | 99 | 2003 |
| Japan | 99 | 2002 |
| New Zealand | 99 | 2003 |
| Monaco | 99 | 2003 |
| Netherlands | 99 | 2003 |
| Canada | 99 | 2003 |
| Australia | 99 | 2003 |
| Belgium | 99 | 2003 |
| Czech Republic | 99 | 2003 |
| France | 99 | 2003 |
| Germany | 99 | 2003 |
| Ireland | 99 | 2003 |
| Denmark | 99 | 2003 |
| Tonga | 99 | 1999 |
| Turkmenistan | 99 | 1999 |
| Croatia | 99 | 2010 |
| Kyrgyzstan | 99 | 1999 |
| Albania | 99 | 2001 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 99 | 2003 |
| Moldova | 99 | 2010 |
| Montenegro | 98 | 2010 |
| Italy | 98 | 2001 |
| Bulgaria | 98 | 2011 |
| Cayman Islands | 98 | 1970 |
| Uruguay | 98 | 2003 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 98 | 2010 |
| Korea, South | 98 | 2002 |
| Serbia | 98 | 2010 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 98 | 2003 |
| Spain | 98 | 2010 |
| Romania | 98 | 2010 |
| Mongolia | 97 | 2010 |
| Macedonia | 97 | 2010 |
| Argentina | 97 | 2001 |
| Israel | 97 | 2004 |
| Qatar | 96 | 2010 |
| New Caledonia | 96 | 1996 |
| Taiwan | 96 | 2003 |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 96 | 1970 |
| Grenada | 96 | 2003 |
| Greece | 96 | 2001 |
| Chile | 96 | 2002 |
| Bahamas, The | 96 | 2003 |
| Portugal | 95 | 2010 |
| Costa Rica | 95 | 2000 |
| Bahrain | 95 | 2010 |
| Puerto Rico | 94 | 2002 |
| Vietnam | 94 | 2002 |
| Dominica | 94 | 2003 |
| Paraguay | 94 | 2003 |
| Equatorial Guinea | 94 | 2010 |
| Fiji | 94 | 2003 |
| Hong Kong | 94 | 2002 |
| Kuwait | 93 | 2005 |
| Venezuela | 93 | 2001 |
| Peru | 93 | 2007 |
| Malta | 93 | 2005 |
| Brunei | 93 | 2001 |
| Philippines | 93 | 2000 |
| Jordan | 93 | 2010 |
| Thailand | 93 | 2000 |
| Singapore | 93 | 2000 |
| China | 92 | 2007 |
| Palau | 92 | 1980 |
| Panama | 92 | 2000 |
| Guyana | 92 | 2002 |
| Seychelles | 92 | 2002 |
| Macau | 91 | 2001 |
| Sri Lanka | 91 | 2010 |
| Ecuador | 91 | 2001 |
| Zimbabwe | 91 | 2003 |
| Colombia | 90 | 2005 |
| Indonesia | 90 | 2004 |
| Saint Lucia | 90 | 2001 |
| Burma | 90 | 2006 |
| Lesotho | 90 | 2010 |
| Suriname | 90 | 2004 |
| Libya | 89 | 2010 |
| Namibia | 89 | 2010 |
| Malaysia | 89 | 2000 |
| Brazil | 89 | 2004 |
| Mauritius | 89 | 2010 |
| Gabon | 88 | 2010 |
| Jamaica | 88 | 2003 |
| Kenya | 87 | 2010 |
| Lebanon | 87 | 2003 |
| Turkey | 87 | 2004 |
| Dominican Republic | 87 | 2002 |
| Bolivia | 87 | 2001 |
| Saudi Arabia | 87 | 2010 |
| South Africa | 86 | 2003 |
| Mexico | 86 | 2005 |
| Antigua and Barbuda | 86 | 2003 |
| Sao Tome and Principe | 85 | 2001 |
| Botswana | 85 | 2010 |
| Cape Verde | 84 | 2010 |
| Congo, Republic of the | 84 | 2003 |
| Swaziland | 82 | 2003 |
| Oman | 81 | 2003 |
| El Salvador | 81 | 2007 |
| Zambia | 81 | 2003 |
| Honduras | 80 | 2001 |
| Syria | 80 | 2004 |
| Iraq | 78 | 2010 |
| United Arab Emirates | 78 | 2003 |
| Iran | 77 | 2002 |
| Belize | 77 | 2000 |
| Cameroon | 76 | 2001 |
| Comoros | 75 | 2010 |
| Malawi | 75 | 2010 |
| Tunisia | 74 | 2004 |
| Vanuatu | 74 | 1999 |
| Cambodia | 74 | 2004 |
| Laos | 73 | 2005 |
| Egypt | 72 | 2010 |
| Rwanda | 71 | 2010 |
| Angola | 70 | 2010 |
| Algeria | 70 | 2002 |
| Tanzania | 69 | 2002 |
| Guatemala | 69 | 2002 |
| Djibouti | 68 | 2003 |
| Eritrea | 68 | 2010 |
| Nicaragua | 68 | 2003 |
| Ghana | 67 | 2010 |
| Burundi | 67 | 2010 |
| Congo, Democratic Republic of the | 67 | 2010 |
| Uganda | 67 | 2002 |
| Madagascar | 65 | 2009 |
| Yemen | 64 | 2010 |
| Nigeria | 61 | 2010 |
| Sudan | 61 | 2003 |
| India | 61 | 2001 |
| Togo | 61 | 2003 |
| Liberia | 61 | 2010 |
| Nepal | 60 | 2010 |
| East Timor | 59 | 2002 |
| Mauritania | 58 | 2010 |
| Papua New Guinea | 57 | 2000 |
| Bangladesh | 57 | 2010 |
| Cote d'Ivoire | 56 | 2010 |
| Morocco | 56 | 2009 |
| Mozambique | 56 | 2010 |
| Central African Republic | 56 | 2010 |
| Pakistan | 55 | 2009 |
| Guinea-Bissau | 54 | 2010 |
| Haiti | 53 | 2003 |
| Gambia, The | 50 | 2010 |
| Bhutan | 47 | 2003 |
| Ethiopia | 43 | 2003 |
| Benin | 42 | 2010 |
| Guinea | 41 | 2010 |
| Senegal | 39 | 2002 |
| Somalia | 38 | 2001 |
| Sierra Leone | 35 | 2004 |
| Chad | 35 | 2010 |
| Mali | 31 | 2010 |
| Niger | 29 | 2005 |
| Afghanistan | 28 | 2000 |
| Burkina Faso | 22 | 2003 |