Germany

Federal Republic of Germany Bundesrepublik Deutschland (German)^[a]
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: "Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit" "Unity and Justice and Freedom" (de facto)
Anthem: Deutschlandlied (English: "Song of Germany") (third verse only)^[b]
Location of Germany (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) – in the European Union (green) – [Legend]
Capital and largest city	Berlin^[a] 52°31′N13°23′E / 52.517°N 13.383°E / 52.517; 13.383
Official language and national language	German^[1]^[c]
Ethnic groups(2015^[2])	7001790000000000000♠79.0% Germans 7001110000000000000♠11.0% Other Europeans 7000700000000000000♠7.0% Asians —7000230000000099999♠2.3% Middle Eastern —7000350000000000000♠3.5% Turks 6999800000000000000♠0.8% Africans 6999500000000000000♠0.5% Americans 7000170000000000000♠1.7% unspecified
Religion	59.3% Christianity 34.4% Not religious 5.5% Islam 0.8% Other religions^[3]
Demonym	German
Government	Federal parliamentary republic
• President	Frank-Walter Steinmeier
• Chancellor	Angela Merkel
• President of the Bundestag	Norbert Lammert
• President of the Bundesrat	Malu Dreyer
• President of the Federal Constitutional Court	Andreas Voßkuhle
Legislature
• Upper house	Bundesrat
• Lower house	Bundestag
Area
• Total	357,168 km² (137,903 sq mi) (63rd)
Population
• 2015 estimate	82,175,700^[4] (16th)
• Density	227/km² (587.9/sq mi) (58th)
GDP (PPP)	2016 estimate
• Total	$3.980 trillion^[5] (5th)
• Per capita	$48,111^[5] (18th)
GDP (nominal)	2016 estimate
• Total	$3.467 trillion^[5] (4th)
• Per capita	$41,902^[5] (17th)
Gini (2014)	30.7^[6] medium
HDI (2015)	0.926^[7] very high · 4th
Currency	Euro (€) (EUR)
Time zone	CET (UTC+1)
• Summer (DST)	CEST (UTC+2)
Drives on the	right
Calling code	49
ISO 3166 code	DE
Internet TLD	.de and .eu
^Berlin is the sole constitutional capital and de jure seat of government, but the former provisional capital of the Federal Republic of Germany, Bonn, has the special title of "federal city" (Bundesstadt) and is the primary seat of six ministries; all government ministries have offices in both cities.

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Contents

Introduction

Geography

Demographics

Government

Economy

Energy

Telecommunications

Transportation

Military

Transnational Issues

Environment

Health

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