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Capitale
nom: Ulaanbaatar
coordonnées géographiques: 47 55 N, 106 55 E
différence de temps: UTC+8 (13 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Saturday in March; ends last Saturday in September

note: Mongolia has two time zones - Ulaanbaatar Time (8 hours in advance of UTC) and Hovd Time (7 hours in advance of UTC)

etymology: the name means "red hero" in Mongolian and honors national hero Damdin Sukhbaatar, leader of the partisan army that with Soviet Red Army help, liberated Mongolia from Chinese occupation in the early 1920s

Fête de l'Indépendance
29 Decembre 1911 (independence declared from China; in actuality, autonomy attained); 11 Juillet 1921 (from China)
Fête nationale
Naadam (games) holiday (commemorates independence from China in the 1921 Revolution), 11-15 Juillet; Constitution Day (marks the date that the Mongolian People's Republic was created under a new constitution), 26 Novembre (1924)
Constitution
history: several previous; latest adopted 13 Janvier 1992, effective 12 Février 1992
amendments: proposed by the State Great Hural, by the president of the republic, by the government, or by petition submitted to the State Great Hural by the Constitutional Court; conducting referenda on proposed amendments requires at least two-thirds majority vote of the State Great Hural; passage of amendments by the State Great Hural requires at least three-quarters majority vote; passage by referendum requires majority participation of qualified voters and a majority of votes; amended 1999, 2000 (2019)
Suffrage - Age minimum de l'électeur
18 ans; universal
Pouvoir exécutif
chef d'état (Président): Président Khaltmaa BATTULGA (depuis 10 July 2017)
chef de gouvernement (1er ministre): Prime Minister Ukhnaa KHURELSUKH (depuis 4 October 2017); Deputy Prime Minister Ulziisaikhan ENKHTUVSHIN (depuis 18 October 2017); note - Prime Minister Jargaltulga ERDENEBAT (depuis 8 July 2016) was voted out of office by the Parliament on 7 September 2017
cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the prime minister in consultation with the president, confirmed by the State Great Hural (parliament)
elections/appointments: presidential candidates nominated by political parties represented in the State Great Hural and directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 26 June 2017 with a runoff held 7 July 2017 (next to be held in 2021); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition is usually elected prime minister by the State Great Hural
election results: Khaltmaa BATTULGA elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Khaltmaa BATTULGA (DP) 38.1%, Miyegombo ENKHBOLD (MPP) 30.3%, Sainkhuu GANBAATAR (MPRP) 30.2%, invalid 1.4%; percent of vote in second round - Khaltmaa BATTULGA 55.2%, Miyegombo ENKHBOLD 44.8%

Source: CIA World Factbook - Version du décembre 31, 2019