Tonga - Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)

The value for Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) in Tonga was 11.40 as of 2020. As the graph below shows, over the past 57 years this indicator reached a maximum value of 78.00 in 1963 and a minimum value of 11.40 in 2020.

Definition: Under-five mortality rate is the probability per 1,000 that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of the specified year.

Source: Estimates Developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.

See also:

Year Value
1963 78.00
1964 73.10
1965 68.60
1966 64.20
1967 60.00
1968 56.00
1969 52.30
1970 48.90
1971 45.80
1972 43.10
1973 40.80
1974 38.60
1975 36.70
1976 35.00
1977 33.40
1978 31.90
1979 30.60
1980 29.40
1981 28.40
1982 27.50
1983 26.80
1984 26.20
1985 25.60
1986 25.00
1987 24.40
1988 23.70
1989 22.90
1990 22.10
1991 21.30
1992 20.60
1993 19.90
1994 19.30
1995 18.80
1996 18.40
1997 18.10
1998 17.70
1999 17.30
2000 16.90
2001 16.50
2002 16.00
2003 15.60
2004 15.10
2005 14.70
2006 14.30
2007 14.00
2008 13.70
2009 13.40
2010 13.20
2011 12.90
2012 12.80
2013 12.60
2014 12.50
2015 12.40
2016 12.30
2017 12.10
2018 11.90
2019 11.70
2020 11.40

Development Relevance: Mortality rates for different age groups (infants, children, and adults) and overall mortality indicators (life expectancy at birth or survival to a given age) are important indicators of health status in a country. Because data on the incidence and prevalence of diseases are frequently unavailable, mortality rates are often used to identify vulnerable populations. And they are among the indicators most frequently used to compare socioeconomic development across countries.

Limitations and Exceptions: Complete vital registration systems are fairly uncommon in developing countries. Thus estimates must be obtained from sample surveys or derived by applying indirect estimation techniques to registration, census, or survey data. Survey data are subject to recall error, and surveys estimating infant/child deaths require large samples because households in which a birth has occurred during a given year cannot ordinarily be preselected for sampling. Indirect estimates rely on model life tables that may be inappropriate for the population concerned. Extrapolations based on outdated surveys may not be reliable for monitoring changes in health status or for comparative analytical work.

Statistical Concept and Methodology: The main sources of mortality data are vital registration systems and direct or indirect estimates based on sample surveys or censuses. A "complete" vital registration system - covering at least 90 percent of vital events in the population - is the best source of age-specific mortality data. Estimates of neonatal, infant, and child mortality tend to vary by source and method for a given time and place. Years for available estimates also vary by country, making comparisons across countries and over time difficult. To make neonatal, infant, and child mortality estimates comparable and to ensure consistency across estimates by different agencies, the United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME), which comprises the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), the World Health Organization (WHO), the World Bank, the United Nations Population Division, and other universities and research institutes, developed and adopted a statistical method that uses all available information to reconcile differences. The method uses statistical models to obtain a best estimate trend line by fitting a country-specific regression model of mortality rates against their reference dates.

Aggregation method: Weighted average

Periodicity: Annual

General Comments: Given that data on the incidence and prevalence of diseases are frequently unavailable, mortality rates are often used to identify vulnerable populations. Moreover, they are among the indicators most frequently used to compare socioeconomic development ac

Classification

Topic: Health Indicators

Sub-Topic: Mortality