Income share held by fourth 20% - Country Ranking

Definition: Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles. Percentage shares by quintile may not sum to 100 because of rounding.

Source: World Bank, Development Research Group. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For mor

See also: Thematic map, Time series comparison

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Rank Country Value Year
1 North Macedonia 24.60 2018
2 Romania 24.20 2019
3 United Arab Emirates 23.90 2018
4 Montenegro 23.80 2018
5 Israel 23.60 2018
5 Spain 23.60 2019
5 Seychelles 23.60 2018
8 Croatia 23.30 2019
9 Argentina 23.20 2020
9 Estonia 23.20 2019
9 Italy 23.20 2018
9 Slovak Republic 23.20 2019
13 Hungary 23.10 2019
13 Greece 23.10 2019
13 Austria 23.10 2019
16 Albania 23.00 2019
16 Korea 23.00 2016
16 Gabon 23.00 2017
16 Luxembourg 23.00 2019
16 Sweden 23.00 2019
16 Mauritania 23.00 2014
16 Vanuatu 23.00 2019
23 Serbia 22.90 2019
23 Georgia 22.90 2020
23 Guinea 22.90 2018
23 Bosnia and Herzegovina 22.90 2011
23 Canada 22.90 2017
28 United Kingdom 22.80 2017
29 Bhutan 22.70 2017
29 Nigeria 22.70 2018
29 Trinidad and Tobago 22.70 1992
32 Lesotho 22.60 2017
32 Norway 22.60 2019
34 Malta 22.50 2019
34 Mongolia 22.50 2018
34 Iraq 22.50 2012
34 Kiribati 22.50 2019
34 Switzerland 22.50 2018
34 Belarus 22.50 2020
34 Lebanon 22.50 2011
34 Honduras 22.50 2019
34 Fiji 22.50 2019
34 Poland 22.50 2018
34 Tunisia 22.50 2015
34 Uruguay 22.50 2020
34 United States 22.50 2019
47 Tajikistan 22.40 2015
47 Thailand 22.40 2020
47 Papua New Guinea 22.40 2009
47 Slovenia 22.40 2019
47 Australia 22.40 2018
52 Belgium 22.30 2019
52 Finland 22.30 2019
52 Algeria 22.30 2011
52 Germany 22.30 2018
52 Iceland 22.30 2017
52 Ghana 22.30 2016
52 Liberia 22.30 2016
52 Latvia 22.30 2019
52 Moldova 22.30 2019
52 Vietnam 22.30 2018
62 Comoros 22.20 2014
62 Armenia 22.20 2020
62 Netherlands 22.20 2019
65 Kyrgyz Republic 22.10 2020
65 Mali 22.10 2018
65 Lithuania 22.10 2019
65 Czech Republic 22.10 2019
65 Venezuela 22.10 2006
65 Ukraine 22.10 2020
71 Portugal 22.00 2019
71 Malaysia 22.00 2015
71 Nauru 22.00 2012
71 Bolivia 22.00 2020
71 China 22.00 2019
76 Denmark 21.90 2019
76 Haiti 21.90 2012
76 Peru 21.90 2020
76 El Salvador 21.90 2019
76 Ireland 21.90 2018
76 Kazakhstan 21.90 2018
82 Côte d'Ivoire 21.80 2018
82 Turkey 21.80 2019
82 Nepal 21.80 2010
82 Cyprus 21.80 2019
82 The Gambia 21.80 2015
82 Guinea-Bissau 21.80 2018
82 Timor-Leste 21.80 2014
89 Japan 21.70 2013
89 Dominican Republic 21.70 2020
89 Indonesia 21.70 2021
92 Iran 21.60 2019
92 Cabo Verde 21.60 2015
92 France 21.60 2018
92 Cameroon 21.60 2014
92 Myanmar 21.60 2017
92 Sudan 21.60 2014
92 Turkmenistan 21.60 1998
92 Dem. Rep. Congo 21.60 2012
100 Kenya 21.50 2015
100 Paraguay 21.50 2020
100 Solomon Islands 21.50 2012
100 Jordan 21.50 2010
100 Djibouti 21.50 2017
105 Russia 21.40 2020
105 Uzbekistan 21.40 2003
105 Benin 21.40 2018
105 Bangladesh 21.40 2016
105 Bulgaria 21.40 2019
105 Chad 21.40 2018
111 Syrian Arab Republic 21.30 2003
111 Tuvalu 21.30 2010
111 Guyana 21.30 1998
111 Senegal 21.30 2018
115 Tonga 21.20 2015
115 Yemen 21.20 2014
115 Pakistan 21.20 2018
115 Ecuador 21.20 2020
115 Ethiopia 21.20 2015
115 Togo 21.20 2018
121 Mauritius 21.10 2017
122 Malawi 21.00 2019
122 Egypt 21.00 2017
122 Sierra Leone 21.00 2018
122 Lao PDR 21.00 2018
126 Morocco 20.90 2013
126 Costa Rica 20.90 2020
126 Azerbaijan 20.90 2005
129 Burundi 20.80 2013
129 Samoa 20.80 2013
131 São Tomé and Principe 20.70 2017
131 Panama 20.70 2019
131 Madagascar 20.70 2012
131 Congo 20.70 2011
131 Philippines 20.70 2018
131 Mexico 20.70 2020
137 Jamaica 20.60 2004
137 St. Lucia 20.60 2016
137 Zimbabwe 20.60 2017
140 India 20.50 2011
141 Angola 20.40 2018
141 Niger 20.40 2018
141 Tanzania 20.40 2018
144 Sri Lanka 20.30 2016
144 Uganda 20.30 2019
146 Guatemala 20.10 2014
147 Nicaragua 20.00 2014
147 Suriname 20.00 1999
149 Chile 19.90 2020
150 Rwanda 19.80 2016
151 Colombia 19.60 2020
152 Botswana 19.50 2015
152 Burkina Faso 19.50 2018
154 Belize 19.40 1999
155 Brazil 19.30 2020
155 Zambia 19.30 2015
157 Eswatini 18.60 2016
158 Namibia 17.90 2015
159 Central African Republic 17.70 2008
160 Mozambique 17.40 2014
161 South Africa 16.50 2014

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Development Relevance: The World Bank Group’s goal of promoting shared prosperity has been defined as fostering income growth of the bottom 40 per cent of the welfare distribution in every country. Income distribution data and the Gini coefficient measure inequality in income or consumption and important indicators for measuring shared prosperity.

Limitations and Exceptions: Despite progress in the last decade, the challenges of measuring poverty remain. The timeliness, frequency, quality, and comparability of household surveys need to increase substantially, particularly in the poorest countries. The availability and quality of poverty monitoring data remains low in small states, countries with fragile situations, and low-income countries and even some middle-income countries. The low frequency and lack of comparability of the data available in some countries create uncertainty over the magnitude of poverty reduction. Besides the frequency and timeliness of survey data, other data quality issues arise in measuring household living standards. The surveys ask detailed questions on sources of income and how it was spent, which must be carefully recorded by trained personnel. Income is generally more difficult to measure accurately, and consumption comes closer to the notion of living standards. And income can vary over time even if living standards do not. But consumption data are not always available: the latest estimates reported here use consumption data for about two-thirds of countries. However, even similar surveys may not be strictly comparable because of differences in timing or in the quality and training of enumerators. Comparisons of countries at different levels of development also pose a potential problem because of differences in the relative importance of the consumption of nonmarket goods. The local market value of all consumption in kind (including own production, particularly important in underdeveloped rural economies) should be included in total consumption expenditure but may not be. Most survey data now include valuations for consumption or income from own production, but valuation methods vary.

Statistical Concept and Methodology: Inequality in the distribution of income is reflected in the share of income or consumption accruing to a portion of the population ranked by income or consumption levels. The portions ranked lowest by personal income receive the smallest shares of total income. Data on the distribution of income or consumption come from nationally representative household surveys. Where the original data from the household survey were available, they have been used to directly calculate the income or consumption shares by quintile. Otherwise, shares have been estimated from the best available grouped data. The distribution data have been adjusted for household size, providing a more consistent measure of per capita income or consumption. No adjustment has been made for spatial differences in cost of living within countries, because the data needed for such calculations are generally unavailable. For further details on the estimation method for low- and middle-income economies, see Ravallion and Chen (1996). Survey year is the year in which the underlying household survey data were collected or, when the data collection period bridged two calendar years, the year in which most of the data were collected. Percentage shares by quintile may not sum to 100 because of rounding.

Unit of Measure: %

Periodicity: Annual

General Comments: The World Bank’s internationally comparable poverty monitoring database now draws on income or detailed consumption data from more than one thousand six hundred household surveys across 164 countries in six regions and 25 other high income countries (indu