Ghana - Manufacturing, value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing, value added (% of GDP) in Ghana was 10.47 as of 2020. Its highest value over the past 55 years was 13.95 in 1975, while its lowest value was 3.61 in 1982.

Definition: Manufacturing refers to industries belonging to ISIC divisions 15-37. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Note: For VAB countries, gross value added at factor cost is used as the denominator.

Source: World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.

See also:

Year Value
1965 9.75
1966 10.21
1967 11.90
1968 12.59
1969 12.39
1970 11.42
1971 11.00
1972 10.87
1973 11.68
1974 10.77
1975 13.95
1976 13.15
1977 10.79
1978 8.64
1979 8.67
1980 7.81
1981 5.97
1982 3.61
1983 3.86
1984 6.40
1985 11.53
1986 11.15
1987 9.88
1988 9.56
1989 10.01
1990 9.76
1991 9.27
1992 9.33
1993 9.38
1994 9.11
1995 9.33
1996 8.63
1997 9.05
1998 8.99
1999 9.02
2000 9.02
2001 9.00
2002 9.03
2003 8.98
2004 8.74
2005 8.66
2006 9.75
2007 8.60
2008 7.54
2009 6.77
2010 6.39
2011 6.42
2012 5.66
2013 11.59
2014 11.02
2015 11.10
2016 10.82
2017 10.15
2018 10.12
2019 10.16
2020 10.47

Limitations and Exceptions: Ideally, industrial output should be measured through regular censuses and surveys of firms. But in most developing countries such surveys are infrequent, so earlier survey results must be extrapolated using an appropriate indicator. The choice of sampling unit, which may be the enterprise (where responses may be based on financial records) or the establishment (where production units may be recorded separately), also affects the quality of the data. Moreover, much industrial production is organized in unincorporated or owner-operated ventures that are not captured by surveys aimed at the formal sector. Even in large industries, where regular surveys are more likely, evasion of excise and other taxes and nondisclosure of income lower the estimates of value added. Such problems become more acute as countries move from state control of industry to private enterprise, because new firms and growing numbers of established firms fail to report. In accordance with the System of National Accounts, output should include all such unreported activity as well as the value of illegal activities and other unrecorded, informal, or small-scale operations. Data on these activities need to be collected using techniques other than conventional surveys of firms.

Statistical Concept and Methodology: Gross domestic product (GDP) represents the sum of value added by all its producers. Value added is the value of the gross output of producers less the value of intermediate goods and services consumed in production, before accounting for consumption of fixed capital in production. The United Nations System of National Accounts calls for value added to be valued at either basic prices (excluding net taxes on products) or producer prices (including net taxes on products paid by producers but excluding sales or value added taxes). Both valuations exclude transport charges that are invoiced separately by producers. Total GDP is measured at purchaser prices. Value added by industry is normally measured at basic prices.

Aggregation method: Weighted average

Periodicity: Annual

General Comments: Note: Data for OECD countries are based on ISIC, revision 4.

Classification

Topic: Economic Policy & Debt Indicators

Sub-Topic: National accounts