Central African Republic - Vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate)

Vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate) in Central African Republic was 96.46 as of 2019. Its highest value over the past 28 years was 96.57 in 2016, while its lowest value was 93.05 in 1991.

Definition: Vulnerable employment is contributing family workers and own-account workers as a percentage of total employment.

Source: Derived using data from International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved in September 2019.

See also:

Year Value
1991 93.05
1992 93.34
1993 93.41
1994 93.61
1995 93.63
1996 94.14
1997 94.41
1998 94.51
1999 94.87
2000 95.10
2001 95.15
2002 95.30
2003 95.62
2004 95.64
2005 95.75
2006 95.60
2007 95.52
2008 95.43
2009 95.30
2010 95.28
2011 95.18
2012 95.25
2013 96.05
2014 96.36
2015 96.52
2016 96.57
2017 96.51
2018 96.51
2019 96.46

Development Relevance: Breaking down employment information by status in employment provides a statistical basis for describing workers' behaviour and conditions of work, and for defining an individual's socio-economic group. A high proportion of wage and salaried workers in a country can signify advanced economic development. If the proportion of own-account workers (self-employed without hired employees) is sizeable, it may be an indication of a large agriculture sector and low growth in the formal economy. A high proportion of contributing family workers — generally unpaid, although compensation might come indirectly in the form of family income — may indicate weak development, little job growth, and often a large rural economy. Each status group faces different economic risks, and contributing family workers and own-account workers are the most vulnerable - and therefore the most likely to fall into poverty. They are the least likely to have formal work arrangements, are the least likely to have social protection and safety nets to guard against economic shocks, and often are incapable of generating sufficient savings to offset these shocks.

Limitations and Exceptions: Data are drawn from labor force surveys and household surveys, supplemented by official estimates and censuses for a small group of countries. Due to differences in definitions and coverage across countries, there are limitations for comparing data across countries and over time even within a country. Estimates of women in employment are not comparable internationally, reflecting that demographic, social, legal, and cultural trends and norms determine whether women's activities are regarded as economic.

Statistical Concept and Methodology: The indicator of status in employment distinguishes between two categories of the total employed. These are: (a) wage and salaried workers (also known as employees); and (b) self-employed workers. Self-employed group is broken down in the subcategories: self-employed workers with employees (employers), self-employed workers without employees (own-account workers), members of producers' cooperatives and contributing family workers (also known as unpaid family workers). Vulnerable employment refers to the sum of contributing family workers and own-account workers. Data are derived using ILO modeled estimate series which are harmonized to ensure comparability across countries and over time by accounting for differences in data source, scope of coverage, methodology, and other country-specific factors. The estimates are based mainly on nationally representative labor force surveys, with other sources (population censuses and nationally reported estimates) used only when no survey data are available.

Aggregation method: Weighted average

Periodicity: Annual

Classification

Topic: Labor & Social Protection Indicators

Sub-Topic: Economic activity