Uganda vs. South Sudan
Geography
| Uganda | South Sudan | |
|---|---|---|
| Location | East-Central Africa, west of Kenya, east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo | East-Central Africa; south of Sudan, north of Uganda and Kenya, west of Ethiopia |
| Geographic coordinates | 1 00 N, 32 00 E | 8 00 N, 30 00 E |
| Map references | Africa | Africa |
| Area | total: 241,038 sq km land: 197,100 sq km water: 43,938 sq km | total: 644,329 sq km land: NA water: NA |
| Area - comparative | slightly more than two times the size of Pennsylvania; slightly smaller than Oregon | more than four times the size of Georgia; slightly smaller than Texas |
| Land boundaries | total: 2,729 km border countries (5): Democratic Republic of the Congo 877 km, Kenya 814 km, Rwanda 172 km, South Sudan 475 km, Tanzania 391 km | total: 6,018 km border countries (6): Central African Republic 1055 km, Democratic Republic of the Congo 714 km, Ethiopia 1299 km, Kenya 317 km, Sudan 2158 km, Uganda 475 km note: South Sudan-Sudan boundary represents 1 January 1956 alignment; final alignment pending negotiations and demarcation; final sovereignty status of Abyei Area pending negotiations between South Sudan and Sudan |
| Coastline | 0 km (landlocked) | 0 km (landlocked) |
| Maritime claims | none (landlocked) | none (landlocked) |
| Climate | tropical; generally rainy with two dry seasons (December to February, June to August); semiarid in northeast | hot with seasonal rainfall influenced by the annual shift of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone; rainfall heaviest in upland areas of the south and diminishes to the north |
| Terrain | mostly plateau with rim of mountains | plains in the north and center rise to southern highlands along the border with Uganda and Kenya; the White Nile, flowing north out of the uplands of Central Africa, is the major geographic feature of the country; The Sudd (a name derived from floating vegetation that hinders navigation) is a large swampy area of more than 100,000 sq km fed by the waters of the White Nile that dominates the center of the country |
| Elevation extremes | highest point: Margherita Peak on Mount Stanley 5,110 m lowest point: Albert Nile 614 m | highest point: Kinyeti 3,187 m lowest point: White Nile 381 m |
| Natural resources | copper, cobalt, hydropower, limestone, salt, arable land, gold | hydropower, fertile agricultural land, gold, diamonds, petroleum, hardwoods, limestone, iron ore, copper, chromium ore, zinc, tungsten, mica, silver |
| Land use | agricultural land: 71.2% (2018 est.) arable land: 34.3% (2018 est.) permanent crops: 11.3% (2018 est.) permanent pasture: 25.6% (2018 est.) forest: 14.5% (2018 est.) other: 14.3% (2018 est.) | agricultural land: 45% (2018) arable land: 4.4% (2018) permanent pasture: 40.7% (2018) forest: 11.3% (2018) other: 43.5% (2018) |
| Irrigated land | 140 sq km (2012) | 1,000 sq km (2012) |
| Environment - current issues | draining of wetlands for agricultural use; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; water pollution from industrial discharge and water hyacinth infestation in Lake Victoria; widespread poaching | water pollution; inadequate supplies of potable water; wildlife conservation and loss of biodiversity; deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; periodic drought |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Environmental Modification | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Desertification, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Geography - note | landlocked; fertile, well-watered country with many lakes and rivers; Lake Victoria, the world's largest tropical lake and the second largest fresh water lake, is shared among three countries: Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda | landlocked; The Sudd is a vast swamp in the north central region of South Sudan, formed by the White Nile, its size is variable but can reach some 15% of the country's total area during the rainy season; it is one of the world's largest wetlands |
| Total renewable water resources | 60.1 billion cubic meters (2017 est.) | 49.5 billion cubic meters (2017 est.) |
| Population distribution | population density is relatively high in comparison to other African nations; most of the population is concentrated in the central and southern parts of the country, particularly along the shores of Lake Victoria and Lake Albert; the northeast is least populated as shown in this population distribution map | clusters found in urban areas, particularly in the western interior and around the White Nile as shown in this population distribution map |
Source: CIA Factbook
