Singapore vs. Lithuania
Introduction
| Singapore | Lithuania | |
|---|---|---|
| Background | A Malay trading port known as Temasek existed on the island of Singapore by the 14th century. The settlement changed hands several times in the ensuing centuries and was eventually burned in the 17th century and fell into obscurity. The British founded modern Singapore as a trading colony on the site in 1819. It joined the Malaysian Federation in 1963 but was ousted two years later and became independent. Singapore subsequently became one of the world's most prosperous countries with strong international trading links (its port is one of the world's busiest in terms of tonnage handled) and with per capita GDP equal to that of the leading nations of Western Europe. | Lithuanian lands were united under MINDAUGAS in 1236; over the next century, through alliances and conquest, Lithuania extended its territory to include most of present-day Belarus and Ukraine. By the end of the 14th century Lithuania was the largest state in Europe. An alliance with Poland in 1386 led the two countries into a union through the person of a common ruler. In 1569, Lithuania and Poland formally united into a single dual state, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. This entity survived until 1795 when its remnants were partitioned by surrounding countries. Lithuania regained its independence following World War I but was annexed by the USSR in 1940 - an action never recognized by the US and many other countries. On 11 March 1990, Lithuania became the first of the Soviet republics to declare its independence, but Moscow did not recognize this proclamation until September of 1991 (following the abortive coup in Moscow). The last Russian troops withdrew in 1993. Lithuania subsequently restructured its economy for integration into Western European institutions; it joined both NATO and the EU in the spring of 2004. In 2015, Lithuania joined the euro zone, and it joined the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development in 2018. |
Geography
| Singapore | Lithuania | |
|---|---|---|
| Location | Southeastern Asia, islands between Malaysia and Indonesia | Eastern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, between Latvia and Russia, west of Belarus |
| Geographic coordinates | 1 22 N, 103 48 E | 56 00 N, 24 00 E |
| Map references | Southeast Asia | Europe |
| Area | total: 719 sq km land: 709.2 sq km water: 10 sq km | total: 65,300 sq km land: 62,680 sq km water: 2,620 sq km |
| Area - comparative | slightly more than 3.5 times the size of Washington, DC | slightly larger than West Virginia |
| Land boundaries | total: 0 km | total: 1,545 km border countries (4): Belarus 640 km, Latvia 544 km, Poland 100 km, Russia (Kaliningrad) 261 km |
| Coastline | 193 km | 90 km |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive fishing zone: within and beyond territorial sea, as defined in treaties and practice | territorial sea: 12 nm |
| Climate | tropical; hot, humid, rainy; two distinct monsoon seasons - northeastern monsoon (December to March) and southwestern monsoon (June to September); inter-monsoon - frequent afternoon and early evening thunderstorms | transitional, between maritime and continental; wet, moderate winters and summers |
| Terrain | lowlying, gently undulating central plateau | lowland, many scattered small lakes, fertile soil |
| Elevation extremes | highest point: Bukit Timah 166 m lowest point: Singapore Strait 0 m | highest point: Aukstojas 294 m lowest point: Baltic Sea 0 m mean elevation: 110 m |
| Natural resources | fish, deepwater ports | peat, arable land, amber |
| Land use | agricultural land: 1% (2018 est.) arable land: 0.9% (2018 est.) permanent crops: 0.1% (2018 est.) permanent pasture: 0% (2018 est.) forest: 3.3% (2018 est.) other: 95.7% (2018 est.) | agricultural land: 44.8% (2018 est.) arable land: 34.9% (2018 est.) permanent crops: 0.5% (2018 est.) permanent pasture: 9.4% (2018 est.) forest: 34.6% (2018 est.) other: 20.6% (2018 est.) |
| Irrigated land | 0 sq km (2012) | 44 sq km (2012) |
| Natural hazards | flash floods | occasional floods, droughts |
| Environment - current issues | water pollution; industrial pollution; limited natural freshwater resources; limited land availability presents waste disposal problems; air pollution; deforestation; seasonal smoke/haze resulting from forest fires in Indonesia | water pollution; air pollution; deforestation; threatened animal and plant species; chemicals and waste materials released into the environment contaminate soil and groundwater; soil degradation and erosion |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements | party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Heavy Metals, Air Pollution-Multi-effect Protocol, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Geography - note | focal point for Southeast Asian sea routes; consists of about 60 islands, by far the largest of which is Pulau Ujong; land reclamation has removed many former islands and created a number of new ones | fertile central plains are separated by hilly uplands that are ancient glacial deposits |
| Total renewable water resources | 600 million cubic meters (2017 est.) | 24.5 billion cubic meters (2017 est.) |
| Population distribution | most of the urbanization is along the southern coast, with relatively dense population clusters found in the central areas | fairly even population distribution throughout the country, but somewhat greater concentrations in the southern cities of Vilnius and Kaunas, and the western port of Klaipeda |
Demographics
| Singapore | Lithuania | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 5,866,139 (July 2021 est.) | 2,711,566 (July 2021 est.) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 12.8% (male 406,983/female 387,665) 15-24 years: 15.01% (male 457,190/female 474,676) 25-54 years: 50.73% (male 1,531,088/female 1,618,844) 55-64 years: 10.58% (male 328,024/female 328,808) 65 years and over: 10.89% (male 310,123/female 366,259) (2020 est.) | 0-14 years: 15.26% (male 213,802/female 202,948) 15-24 years: 10.23% (male 144,679/female 134,822) 25-54 years: 38.96% (male 528,706/female 535,485) 55-64 years: 15.1% (male 183,854/female 228,585) 65 years and over: 20.45% (male 190,025/female 368,558) (2020 est.) |
| Median age | total: 35.6 years male: 35.4 years female: 35.7 years (2020 est.) | total: 44.5 years male: 40.2 years female: 48.2 years (2020 est.) |
| Population growth rate | 0.95% (2021 est.) | -1.04% (2021 est.) |
| Birth rate | 9.13 births/1,000 population (2021 est.) | 9.42 births/1,000 population (2021 est.) |
| Death rate | 3.93 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.) | 15.05 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.) |
| Net migration rate | 4.26 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.) | -4.75 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.) |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 0.95 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2020 est.) | at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.8 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.52 male(s)/female total population: 0.86 male(s)/female (2020 est.) |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 1.56 deaths/1,000 live births male: 1.72 deaths/1,000 live births female: 1.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.) | total: 3.66 deaths/1,000 live births male: 4.12 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.17 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.) |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 86.19 years male: 83.48 years female: 89.05 years (2021 est.) | total population: 75.61 years male: 70.23 years female: 81.29 years (2021 est.) |
| Total fertility rate | 1.15 children born/woman (2021 est.) | 1.61 children born/woman (2021 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate | 0.2% (2020 est.) | 0.1% (2019 est.) |
| Nationality | noun: Singaporean(s) adjective: Singapore | noun: Lithuanian(s) adjective: Lithuanian |
| Ethnic groups | Chinese 74.3%, Malay 13.5%, Indian 9%, other 3.2% (2020 est.) note: data represent population by self-identification; the population is divided into four categories: Chinese, Malay (includes indigenous Malays and Indonesians), Indian (includes Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, or Sri Lankan), and other ethnic groups (includes Eurasians, Caucasians, Japanese, Filipino, Vietnamese) | Lithuanian 84.1%, Polish 6.6%, Russian 5.8%, Belarusian 1.2%, other 1.1%, unspecified 1.2% (2011 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS | 8,000 (2020 est.) note: estimate does not include children | 3,400 (2019 est.) |
| Religions | Buddhist 31.1%, Christian 18.9%, Muslim 15.6%, Taoist 8.8%, Hindu 5%, other 0.6%, none 20% (2020 est.) | Roman Catholic 77.2%, Russian Orthodox 4.1%, Old Believer 0.8%, Evangelical Lutheran 0.6%, Evangelical Reformist 0.2%, other (including Sunni Muslim, Jewish, Greek Catholic, and Karaite) 0.8%, none 6.1%, unspecified 10.1% (2011 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - deaths | <100 (2020 est.) note: estimate does not include children | <100 (2019 est.) |
| Languages | English (official) 48.3%, Mandarin (official) 29.9%, other Chinese dialects (includes Hokkien, Cantonese, Teochew, Hakka) 8.7%, Malay (official) 9.2%, Tamil (official) 2.5%, other 1.4%; note - data represent language most frequently spoken at home (2020 est.) major-language sample(s): The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. (English) ???? - ??????????? (Mandarin) | Lithuanian (official) 82%, Russian 8%, Polish 5.6%, other 0.9%, unspecified 3.5% (2011 est.) major-language sample(s): Pasaulio enciklopedija - naudingas bendrosios informacijos saltinis. (Lithuanian) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 97.3% male: 98.9% female: 95.9% (2018) | definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99.8% male: 99.8% female: 99.8% (2015) |
| School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) | total: 17 years male: 16 years female: 17 years (2018) | total: 17 years male: 16 years female: 17 years (2018) |
| Education expenditures | 2.9% of GDP (2013) | 3.8% of GDP (2017) |
| Urbanization | urban population: 100% of total population (2021) rate of urbanization: 0.74% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) | urban population: 68.2% of total population (2021) rate of urbanization: -0.12% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) |
| Drinking water source | improved: urban: 100% of population total: 100% of population unimproved: urban: 0% of population total: 0% of population (2017 est.) | improved: urban: 100% of population rural: 92.8% of population total: 97.5% of population unimproved: urban: 0% of population rural: 7.2% of population total: 2.5% of population (2017 est.) |
| Sanitation facility access | improved: urban: 100% of population total: 100% of population unimproved: urban: 0% of population total: 0% of population (2017 est.) | improved: urban: 99.3% of population rural: 87.5% of population total: 95.5% of population unimproved: urban: 0.7% of population rural: 12.5% of population total: 4.5% of population (2017 est.) |
| Major cities - population | 5.992 million SINGAPORE (capital) (2021) | 540,000 VILNIUS (capital) (2021) |
| Maternal mortality rate | 8 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.) | 5 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.) |
| Health expenditures | 4.5% (2018) | 6.6% (2018) |
| Physicians density | 2.29 physicians/1,000 population (2016) | 6.35 physicians/1,000 population (2018) |
| Hospital bed density | 2.5 beds/1,000 population (2017) | 6.6 beds/1,000 population (2017) |
| Obesity - adult prevalence rate | 6.1% (2016) | 26.3% (2016) |
| Mother's mean age at first birth | 30.5 years (2015 est.) median age | 27.5 years (2019 est.) |
| Dependency ratios | total dependency ratio: 34.5 youth dependency ratio: 16.5 elderly dependency ratio: 18 potential support ratio: 5.6 (2020 est.) | total dependency ratio: 56.5 youth dependency ratio: 24.2 elderly dependency ratio: 32.3 potential support ratio: 3.1 (2020 est.) |
Government
| Singapore | Lithuania | |
|---|---|---|
| Country name | conventional long form: Republic of Singapore conventional short form: Singapore local long form: Republic of Singapore local short form: Singapore etymology: name derives from the Sanskrit words "simha" (lion) and "pura" (city) to describe the city-state's leonine symbol | conventional long form: Republic of Lithuania conventional short form: Lithuania local long form: Lietuvos Respublika local short form: Lietuva former: Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic etymology: meaning of the name "Lietuva" remains unclear; it may derive from the Lietava, a stream in east central Lithuania |
| Government type | parliamentary republic | semi-presidential republic |
| Capital | name: Singapore geographic coordinates: 1 17 N, 103 51 E time difference: UTC+8 (13 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) etymology: name derives from the Sanskrit words "simha" (lion) and "pura" (city), thus creating the city's epithet "lion city" | name: Vilnius geographic coordinates: 54 41 N, 25 19 E time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October etymology: named after the Vilnia River, which flows into the Neris River at Vilnius; the river name derives from the Lithuanian word "vilnis" meaning "a surge" |
| Administrative divisions | no first order administrative divisions; there are five community development councils: Central Singapore Development Council, North East Development Council, North West Development Council, South East Development Council, South West Development Council (2019) | 60 municipalities (savivaldybe, singular - savivaldybe); Akmene, Alytaus Miestas, Alytus, Anksciai, Birstono, Birzai, Druskininkai, Elektrenai, Ignalina, Jonava, Joniskis, Jurbarkas, Kaisiadorys, Kalvarijos, Kauno Miestas, Kaunas, Kazlu Rudos, Kedainiai, Kelme, Klaipedos Miestas, Klaipeda, Kretinga, Kupiskis, Lazdijai, Marijampole, Mazeikiai, Moletai, Neringa, Pagegiai, Pakruojis, Palangos Miestas, Panevezio Miestas, Panevezys, Pasvalys, Plunge, Prienai, Radviliskis, Raseiniai, Rietavo, Rokiskis, Sakiai, Salcininkai, Siauliu Miestas, Siauliai, Silale, Silute, Sirvintos, Skuodas, Svencionys, Taurage, Telsiai, Trakai, Ukmerge, Utena, Varena, Vilkaviskis, Vilniaus Miestas, Vilnius, Visaginas, Zarasai |
| Independence | 9 August 1965 (from Malaysian Federation) | 16 February 1918 (from Soviet Russia and Germany); 11 March 1990 (declared from the Soviet Union); 6 September 1991 (recognized by the Soviet Union); notable earlier dates: 6 July 1253 (coronation of MINDAUGAS, traditional founding date); 1 July 1569 (Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth created) |
| National holiday | National Day, 9 August (1965) | Independence Day (or National Day), 16 February (1918); note - 16 February 1918 was the date Lithuania established its statehood and its concomitant independence from Soviet Russia and Germany; 11 March 1990 was the date it declared the restoration of Lithuanian statehood and its concomitant independence from the Soviet Union |
| Constitution | history: several previous; latest adopted 22 December 1965 amendments: proposed by Parliament; passage requires two-thirds majority vote in the second and third readings by the elected Parliament membership and assent of the president of the republic; passage of amendments affecting sovereignty or control of the Police Force or the Armed Forces requires at least two-thirds majority vote in a referendum; amended many times, last in 2020 | history: several previous; latest adopted by referendum 25 October 1992, entered into force 2 November 1992 amendments: proposed by at least one fourth of all Parliament members or by petition of at least 300,000 voters; passage requires two-thirds majority vote of Parliament in each of two readings three months apart and a presidential signature; amendments to constitutional articles on national sovereignty and constitutional amendment procedure also require three-fourths voter approval in a referendum; amended many times, last in 2019 |
| Legal system | English common law | civil law system; legislative acts can be appealed to the Constitutional Court |
| Suffrage | 21 years of age; universal and compulsory | 18 years of age; universal |
| Executive branch | chief of state: President HALIMAH Yacob (since 14 September 2017); note - President TAN's term ended on 31 August 2017; HALIMAH is Singapore's first female president; the head of the Council of Presidential Advisors, J.Y. PILLAY, served as acting president until HALIMAH was sworn in as president on 14 September 2017 head of government: Prime Minister LEE Hsien Loong (since 12 August 2004, reelected 10 July 2020); Deputy Prime Ministers HENG Swee Keat (since 1 May 2019) (2019) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister; Cabinet responsible to Parliament elections/appointments: president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a fixed term of 6-years (there are no term limits); election last held on 13 September 2017 (next to be held in 2023); following legislative elections, leader of majority party or majority coalition appointed prime minister by president; deputy prime ministers appointed by the president election results: HALIMAH Yacob was declared president on 13 September 2017, being the only eligible candidate; Tony TAN Keng Yam elected president in the previous contested election on 27 August 2011; percent of vote - Tony TAN Keng Yam (independent) 35.2% , TAN Cheng Bock (independent) 34.9%, TAN Jee Say (independent) 25%, TAN Kin Lian (independent) 4.9% | chief of state: President Gitanas NAUSEDA (since 12 July 2019) head of government: Prime Minister Ingrida SIMONYTE (since 24 November 2020) cabinet: Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister, appointed by the president, and approved by Parliament elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 12 and 26 May 2019 (next to be held in May 2024); prime minister appointed by the president, approved by Parliament election results: Gitanas NAUSEDA elected president in second round; percent of vote - Gitanas NAUSEDA (independent) 66.7%, Ingrida SIMONYTE (independent) 33.3%; Saulius SKVERNELIS (LVZS) approved as prime minister by Parliament vote - 62 to 10 |
| Legislative branch | description: unicameral Parliament (104 seats; 93 members directly elected by popular vote, up to 9 nominated by a parliamentary selection committee and appointed by the president, and up to 12 non-constituency members from opposition parties to ensure political diversity; members serve 5-year terms); note - the number of nominated members will increase to 12 for the 2020 election for the first time (2020) elections: last held on 10 July 2020 (next must be held by 2025) election results: percent of vote by party - PAP 61.2%, WP 11.2%, PSP 10.2%; seats by party - PAP 83, WP 10, PSP 2; composition - men 79, women 25, percent of women 24% | description: unicameral Parliament or Seimas (141 seats; 71 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote and 70 directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms) elections: last held on 11 and 25 October 2020 (next to be held in October 2024) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - TS-LKD 50, LVZS 32, LSDP 13, LRLS 13, Freedom 11, DP 10, AWPL 3, LSDDP 3, LT 1, Greens 1, independent 4; composition - men 103, women 38, percent of women 27% |
| Judicial branch | highest courts: Supreme Court (although the number of judges varies - as of April 2019, the court totaled 20 judges, 7 judicial commissioners, 4 judges of appeal, and 16 international judges); the court is organized into an upper tier Appeal Court and a lower tier High Court judge selection and term of office: judges appointed by the president from candidates recommended by the prime minister after consultation with the chief justice; judges usually serve until retirement at age 65, but terms can be extended subordinate courts: district, magistrates', juvenile, family, community, and coroners' courts; small claims tribunals; employment claims tribunals | highest courts: Supreme Court (consists of 37 judges); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 judges) judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges nominated by the president and appointed by the Seimas; judges serve 5-year renewable terms; Constitutional Court judges appointed by the Seimas from nominations - 3 each by the president of the republic, the Seimas chairperson, and the Supreme Court president; judges serve 9-year, nonrenewable terms; one-third of membership reconstituted every 3 years subordinate courts: Court of Appeals; district and local courts |
| Political parties and leaders | National Solidarity Party or NSP [Reno FONG] People's Action Party or PAP [LEE Hsien Loong] People's Power Party or (PPP) [Goh Meng SENG] People's Voice or PV [Lim TEAN] Progress Singapore Party or PSP [Tan Cheng Bock] Red Dot United or RDU [Ravi PHILEMON] Reform Party or RP [Kenneth JEYARETNAM] Singapore Democratic Alliance or SDA [Abu MOHAMED] Singapore Democratic Party or SDP [Dr. CHEE Soon Juan] Singapore People's Party or SPP [Steve Chia] Workers' Party or WP [Pritam SINGH] (2020) | Electoral Action of Lithuanian Poles or LLRA [Valdemar TOMASEVSKI] Farmers and Greens Union or LVZS [Ramunas KARBAUSKIS] Freedom Party or LP [Ausrine ARMONAITE] Homeland Union-Lithuanian Christian Democrats or TS-LKD [Gabrielius LANDSBERGIS] Labor Party or DP [Viktor USPASKICH] Lithuanian Center Party or LCP [Naglis PUTEIKIS] Lithuanian Green Party or LZP [Remigijus LAPINSKAS]] Lithuanian Liberal Movement or LS or LRLS [Viktorija CMILYTE] Lithuanian List or LL [Darius KUOLYS] Lithuanian Social Democratic Party or LSDP [Gintautas PALUCKAS] Lithuanian Social Democratic Labor Party or LSDDP [Gediminas KIRKILAS] Freedom and Justice Party or LT [Remigijus ZEMAITAITIS] |
| International organization participation | ADB, AOSIS, APEC, Arctic Council (observer), ARF, ASEAN, BIS, C, CP, EAS, FAO, FATF, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO | Australia Group, BA, BIS, CBSS, CD, CE, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NATO, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | chief of mission: Ambassador Ashok KUMAR Mirpuri (since 30 July 2012) chancery: 3501 International Place NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 537-3100 FAX: [1] (202) 537-0876 email address and website: singemb_was@mfa.sg https://www.mfa.gov.sg/washington/ consulate(s) general: San Francisco consulate(s): New York | chief of mission: Ambassador Audra PLEPYTE (since 7 July 2021) chancery: 2622 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009 telephone: [1] (202) 234-5860 FAX: [1] (202) 328-0466 email address and website: info@usa.mfa.lt https://usa.mfa.lt/usa/en/ consulate(s) general: Chicago, Los Angeles, New York |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Rafik MANSOUR (since July 2019) embassy: 27 Napier Road, Singapore 258508 mailing address: 4280 Singapore Place, Washington DC 20521-4280 telephone: [65] 6476-9100 FAX: [65] 6476-9340 email address and website: singaporeusembassy@state.gov https://sg.usembassy.gov/ | chief of mission: Ambassador Robert S. GILCHRIST (since 4 February 2020) embassy: Akmenu gatve 6, Vilnius, LT-03106 mailing address: 4510 Vilnius Place, Washington DC 20521-4510 telephone: [370] (5) 266-5500 FAX: [370] (5) 266-5510 email address and website: consec@state.gov https://lt.usembassy.gov/ |
| Flag description | two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; near the hoist side of the red band, there is a vertical, white crescent (closed portion is toward the hoist side) partially enclosing five white five-pointed stars arranged in a circle; red denotes brotherhood and equality; white signifies purity and virtue; the waxing crescent moon symbolizes a young nation on the ascendancy; the five stars represent the nation's ideals of democracy, peace, progress, justice, and equality | three equal horizontal bands of yellow (top), green, and red; yellow symbolizes golden fields, as well as the sun, light, and goodness; green represents the forests of the countryside, in addition to nature, freedom, and hope; red stands for courage and the blood spilled in defense of the homeland |
| National anthem | name: "Majulah Singapura" (Onward Singapore) lyrics/music: ZUBIR Said note: adopted 1965; first performed in 1958 at the Victoria Theatre, the anthem is sung only in Malay | name: "Tautiska giesme" (The National Song) lyrics/music: Vincas KUDIRKA note: adopted 1918, restored 1990; written in 1898 while Lithuania was a part of Russia; banned during the Soviet occupation from 1940 to 1990 |
| International law organization participation | has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICC (2019) | accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction |
| National symbol(s) | lion, merlion (mythical half lion-half fish creature), orchid; national colors: red, white | mounted knight known as Vytis (the Chaser), white stork; national colors: yellow, green, red |
| Citizenship | citizenship by birth: no citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Singapore dual citizenship recognized: no residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years | citizenship by birth: no citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Lithuania dual citizenship recognized: no residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years |
Economy
| Singapore | Lithuania | |
|---|---|---|
| Economy - overview | Singapore has a highly developed and successful free-market economy. It enjoys an open and corruption-free environment, stable prices, and a per capita GDP higher than that of most developed countries. Unemployment is very low. The economy depends heavily on exports, particularly of electronics, petroleum products, chemicals, medical and optical devices, pharmaceuticals, and on Singapore's vibrant transportation, business, and financial services sectors. The economy contracted 0.6% in 2009 as a result of the global financial crisis, but has continued to grow since 2010. Growth from 2012-2017 was slower than during the previous decade, a result of slowing structural growth - as Singapore reached high-income levels - and soft global demand for exports. Growth recovered to 3.6% in 2017 with a strengthening global economy. The government is attempting to restructure Singapore's economy to reduce its dependence on foreign labor, raise productivity growth, and increase wages amid slowing labor force growth and an aging population. Singapore has attracted major investments in advanced manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, and medical technology production and will continue efforts to strengthen its position as Southeast Asia's leading financial and technology hub. Singapore is a signatory of the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP), and a party to the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) negotiations with nine other ASEAN members plus Australia, China, India, Japan, South Korea, and New Zealand. In 2015, Singapore formed, with the other ASEAN members, the ASEAN Economic Community. | After the country declared independence from the Soviet Union in 1990, Lithuania faced an initial dislocation that is typical during transitions from a planned economy to a free-market economy. Macroeconomic stabilization policies, including privatization of most state-owned enterprises, and a strong commitment to a currency board arrangement led to an open and rapidly growing economy and rising consumer demand. Foreign investment and EU funding aided in the transition. Lithuania joined the WTO in May 2001, the EU in May 2004, and the euro zone in January 2015, and is now working to complete the OECD accession roadmap it received in July 2015. In 2017, joined the OECD Working Group on Bribery, an important step in the OECD accession process. The Lithuanian economy was severely hit by the 2008-09 global financial crisis, but it has rebounded and become one of the fastest growing in the EU. Increases in exports, investment, and wage growth that supported consumption helped the economy grow by 3.6% in 2017. In 2015, Russia was Lithuania's largest trading partner, followed by Poland, Germany, and Latvia; goods and services trade between the US and Lithuania totaled $2.2 billion. Lithuania opened a self-financed liquefied natural gas terminal in January 2015, providing the first non-Russian supply of natural gas to the Baltic States and reducing Lithuania's dependence on Russian gas from 100% to approximately 30% in 2016. Lithuania's ongoing recovery hinges on improving the business environment, especially by liberalizing labor laws, and improving competitiveness and export growth, the latter hampered by economic slowdowns in the EU and Russia. In addition, a steady outflow of young and highly educated people is causing a shortage of skilled labor, which, combined with a rapidly aging population, could stress public finances and constrain long-term growth. |
| GDP (purchasing power parity) | $555.193 billion (2019 est.) $551.152 billion (2018 est.) $532.832 billion (2017 est.) note: data are in 2010 dollars | $103.756 billion (2019 est.) $99.442 billion (2018 est.) $95.675 billion (2017 est.) note: data are in 2010 dollars |
| GDP - real growth rate | 0.73% (2019 est.) 3.48% (2018 est.) 4.34% (2017 est.) | 4.33% (2019 est.) 3.99% (2018 est.) 4.37% (2017 est.) |
| GDP - per capita (PPP) | $97,341 (2019 est.) $97,745 (2018 est.) $94,941 (2017 est.) note: data are in 2010 dollars | $37,231 (2019 est.) $35,496 (2018 est.) $33,827 (2017 est.) note: data are in 2010 dollars |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: 0% (2017 est.) industry: 24.8% (2017 est.) services: 75.2% (2017 est.) | agriculture: 3.5% (2017 est.) industry: 29.4% (2017 est.) services: 67.2% (2017 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA | 20.6% (2018 est.) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: 1.6% highest 10%: 27.5% (2017) | lowest 10%: 2.2% highest 10%: 28.8% (2015) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 0.5% (2019 est.) 0.4% (2018 est.) 0.5% (2017 est.) | 2.3% (2019 est.) 2.7% (2018 est.) 3.7% (2017 est.) |
| Labor force | 3.778 million (2019 est.) note: excludes non-residents | 1.333 million (2020 est.) |
| Labor force - by occupation | agriculture: 0.7% industry: 25.6% services: 73.7% (2017) note: excludes non-residents | agriculture: 9.1% industry: 25.2% services: 65.8% (2015 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 2.25% (2019 est.) 2.1% (2018 est.) | 8.4% (2019 est.) 8.5% (2018 est.) |
| Distribution of family income - Gini index | 45.9 (2017) 45.8 (2016) | 37.3 (2017 est.) 35 (2014) |
| Budget | revenues: 50.85 billion (2017 est.) expenditures: 51.87 billion (2017 est.) note: expenditures include both operational and development expenditures | revenues: 15.92 billion (2017 est.) expenditures: 15.7 billion (2017 est.) |
| Industries | electronics, chemicals, financial services, oil drilling equipment, petroleum refining, biomedical products, scientific instruments, telecommunication equipment, processed food and beverages, ship repair, offshore platform construction, entrepot trade | metal-cutting machine tools, electric motors, televisions, refrigerators and freezers, petroleum refining, shipbuilding (small ships), furniture, textiles, food processing, fertilizer, agricultural machinery, optical equipment, lasers, electronic components, computers, amber jewelry, information technology, video game development, app/software development, biotechnology |
| Industrial production growth rate | 5.7% (2017 est.) | 5.9% (2017 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | poultry, eggs, vegetables, pork, duck meat, spinach, pig offals, bird eggs, pig fat, cabbages | wheat, milk, sugar beet, rapeseed, barley, triticale, potatoes, oats, peas, beans |
| Exports | $626.68 billion (2019 est.) $636.565 billion (2018 est.) $588.576 billion (2017 est.) | $45.358 billion (2019 est.) $41.433 billion (2018 est.) $38.763 billion (2017 est.) |
| Exports - commodities | integrated circuits, refined petroleum, gold, gas turbines, packaged medicines (2019) | refined petroleum, furniture, cigarettes, wheat, polyethylene (2019) |
| Exports - partners | China 15%, Hong Kong 13%, Malaysia 9%, United States 8%, Indonesia 7%, India 5% (2019) | Russia 13%, Latvia 9%, Poland 8%, Germany 7%, Estonia 5% (2019) |
| Imports | $533.478 billion (2019 est.) $542.802 billion (2018 est.) $505.736 billion (2017 est.) | $43.733 billion (2019 est.) $41.131 billion (2018 est.) $38.745 billion (2017 est.) |
| Imports - commodities | integrated circuits, refined petroleum, crude petroleum, gold, gas turbines (2019) | crude petroleum, cars, packaged medicines, refined petroleum, electricity (2019) |
| Imports - partners | China 16%, Malaysia 11%, United States 9%, Taiwan 7%, Japan 5%, Indonesia 5% (2019) | Poland 12%, Russia 12%, Germany 12%, Latvia 7%, Netherlands 5% (2019) |
| Debt - external | $1,557,646,000,000 (2019 est.) $1,528,177,000,000 (2018 est.) | $37.859 billion (2019 est.) $41.999 billion (2018 est.) |
| Exchange rates | Singapore dollars (SGD) per US dollar - 1.33685 (2020 est.) 1.35945 (2019 est.) 1.3699 (2018 est.) 1.3748 (2014 est.) 1.2671 (2013 est.) | litai (LTL) per US dollar - 0.82771 (2020 est.) 0.90338 (2019 est.) 0.87789 (2018 est.) 0.9012 (2014 est.) 0.7525 (2013 est.) |
| Fiscal year | 1 April - 31 March | calendar year |
| Public debt | 111.1% of GDP (2017 est.) 106.8% of GDP (2016 est.) note: Singapore's public debt consists largely of Singapore Government Securities (SGS) issued to assist the Central Provident Fund (CPF), which administers Singapore's defined contribution pension fund; special issues of SGS are held by the CPF, and are non-tradable; the government has not borrowed to finance deficit expenditures since the 1980s; Singapore has no external public debt | 39.7% of GDP (2017 est.) 40.1% of GDP (2016 est.) note: official data; data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities, debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are sold at public auctions |
| Reserves of foreign exchange and gold | $279.9 billion (31 December 2017 est.) $271.8 billion (31 December 2016 est.) | $4.45 billion (31 December 2017 est.) $1.697 billion (31 December 2015 est.) |
| Current Account Balance | $63.109 billion (2019 est.) $64.042 billion (2018 est.) | $1.817 billion (2019 est.) $131 million (2018 est.) |
| GDP (official exchange rate) | $372.088 billion (2019 est.) | $54.597 billion (2019 est.) |
| Credit ratings | Fitch rating: AAA (2003) Moody's rating: Aaa (2002) Standard & Poors rating: AAA (1995) | Fitch rating: A (2020) Moody's rating: A3 (2015) Standard & Poors rating: A+ (2020) |
| Ease of Doing Business Index scores | Overall score: 86.2 (2020) Starting a Business score: 98.2 (2020) Trading score: 89.6 (2020) Enforcement score: 84.5 (2020) | Overall score: 81.6 (2020) Starting a Business score: 93.3 (2020) Trading score: 97.8 (2020) Enforcement score: 78.8 (2020) |
| Taxes and other revenues | 15.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.) | 33.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.) |
| Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) | -0.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.) | 0.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.) |
| Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 | total: 9.1% male: 6.2% female: 12.5% (2016 est.) | total: 11.9% male: 14.1% female: 9.3% (2019 est.) |
| GDP - composition, by end use | household consumption: 35.6% (2017 est.) government consumption: 10.9% (2017 est.) investment in fixed capital: 24.8% (2017 est.) investment in inventories: 2.8% (2017 est.) exports of goods and services: 173.3% (2017 est.) imports of goods and services: -149.1% (2017 est.) | household consumption: 63.9% (2017 est.) government consumption: 16.6% (2017 est.) investment in fixed capital: 18.8% (2017 est.) investment in inventories: -1.3% (2017 est.) exports of goods and services: 81.6% (2017 est.) imports of goods and services: -79.3% (2017 est.) |
| Gross national saving | 42.8% of GDP (2019 est.) 43.9% of GDP (2018 est.) 45.4% of GDP (2017 est.) | 20.8% of GDP (2019 est.) 20.8% of GDP (2018 est.) 20% of GDP (2017 est.) |
Energy
| Singapore | Lithuania | |
|---|---|---|
| Electricity - production | 48.66 billion kWh (2016 est.) | 3.131 billion kWh (2016 est.) |
| Electricity - consumption | 47.69 billion kWh (2016 est.) | 10.5 billion kWh (2016 est.) |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (2016 est.) | 730 million kWh (2015 est.) |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (2016 est.) | 11.11 billion kWh (2016 est.) |
| Oil - production | 0 bbl/day (2018 est.) | 2,000 bbl/day (2018 est.) |
| Oil - imports | 783,300 bbl/day (2015 est.) | 182,900 bbl/day (2015 est.) |
| Oil - exports | 14,780 bbl/day (2015 est.) | 1,002 bbl/day (2015 est.) |
| Oil - proved reserves | 0 bbl (1 January 2018 est.) | 12 million bbl (1 January 2018 est.) |
| Natural gas - proved reserves | 0 cu m (1 January 2017 est.) | 0 cu m (2016 est.) |
| Natural gas - production | 0 cu m (2017 est.) | 0 cu m (2017 est.) |
| Natural gas - consumption | 12.97 billion cu m (2017 est.) | 2.492 billion cu m (2017 est.) |
| Natural gas - exports | 622.9 million cu m (2017 est.) | 0 cu m (2017 est.) |
| Natural gas - imports | 13.48 billion cu m (2017 est.) | 2.492 billion cu m (2017 est.) |
| Electricity - installed generating capacity | 13.35 million kW (2016 est.) | 3.71 million kW (2016 est.) |
| Electricity - from fossil fuels | 98% of total installed capacity (2016 est.) | 73% of total installed capacity (2016 est.) |
| Electricity - from hydroelectric plants | 0% of total installed capacity (2017 est.) | 4% of total installed capacity (2017 est.) |
| Electricity - from nuclear fuels | 0% of total installed capacity (2017 est.) | 0% of total installed capacity (2017 est.) |
| Electricity - from other renewable sources | 2% of total installed capacity (2017 est.) | 23% of total installed capacity (2017 est.) |
| Refined petroleum products - production | 755,000 bbl/day (2015 est.) | 196,500 bbl/day (2015 est.) |
| Refined petroleum products - consumption | 1.322 million bbl/day (2016 est.) | 58,000 bbl/day (2016 est.) |
| Refined petroleum products - exports | 1.82 million bbl/day (2015 est.) | 174,800 bbl/day (2015 est.) |
| Refined petroleum products - imports | 2.335 million bbl/day (2015 est.) | 42,490 bbl/day (2015 est.) |
| Electricity access | electrification - total population: 100% (2020) | electrification - total population: 100% (2020) |
Telecommunications
| Singapore | Lithuania | |
|---|---|---|
| Telephones - main lines in use | total subscriptions: 1,911,200 subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 33.22 (2019 est.) | total subscriptions: 368,213 subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 13.3 (2019 est.) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | total subscriptions: 9,034,300 subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 157.02 (2019 est.) | total subscriptions: 4,658,823 subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 168.29 (2019 est.) |
| Internet country code | .sg | .lt |
| Internet users | total: 5,286,665 percent of population: 88.17% (July 2018 est.) | total: 2,226,806 percent of population: 79.72% (July 2018 est.) |
| Telecommunication systems | general assessment: a wealthy city-state, Singapore has a highly developed ICT infrastructure; government supported near universal home broadband penetration and free public access to wireless network; operators proceeded with investment programs, particularly in 5G standalone networks; government actively promoting Smart Nation initiative supporting digital innovation; government oversees service providers, controls Internet content, and regulators lack independence; well served by submarine cable and satellite connections; major importer of integrated circuits and broadcasting equipment from China and exporter of same to SE Asian neighboring countries (2021) (2020)domestic: excellent domestic facilities; fixed-line 33 per 100 and mobile-cellular 156 per 100 teledensity; multiple providers of high-speed Internet connectivity (2019) international: country code - 65; landing points for INDIGO-West, SeaMeWe -3,-4,-5, SIGMAR, SJC, i2icn, PGASCOM, BSCS, IGG, B3JS, SAEx2, APCN-2, APG, ASC, SEAX-1, ASE, EAC-C2C, Matrix Cable System and SJC2 submarine cables providing links throughout Asia, Southeast Asia, Africa, Australia, the Middle East, and Europe; satellite earth stations - 3, Bukit Timah, Seletar, and Sentosa; supplemented by VSAT coverage (2019 ) note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became evident, and received some support from governments | general assessment: Lithuania's small telecom market is among the most advanced in Europe, with universal access to LTE, extensive fiber footprint, and tests of 5G; operators focus on data speeds; improved international capability and better residential access; high SIM card penetration; increased demand for high-speed Internet for education, entertainment, and shopping during pandemic supporting growth in revenue through fiber lines; importer of broadcast equipment and video displays from neighboring EU countries (2021) (2020)domestic: 13 per 100 for fixed-line subscriptions; rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services has resulted in a steady decline in the number of fixed-line connections; mobile-cellular teledensity stands at about 169 per 100 persons (2019) international: country code - 370; landing points for the BCS East, BCS East-West Interlink and NordBalt connecting Lithuania to Sweden, and Latvia ; further transmission by satellite; landline connections to Latvia and Poland (2019) note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became evident, and received some support from governments |
| Broadband - fixed subscriptions | total: 1.504 million subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 26.14 (2019 est.) | total: 791,826 subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 28.6 (2019 est.) |
| Broadcast media | state controls broadcast media; 6 domestic TV stations operated by MediaCorp which is wholly owned by a state investment company; broadcasts from Malaysian and Indonesian stations available; satellite dishes banned; multi-channel cable TV services available; a total of 19 domestic radio stations broadcasting, with MediaCorp operating 11, Singapore Press Holdings, also government-linked, another 5, 2 controlled by the Singapore Armed Forces Reservists Association and one owned by BBC Radio; Malaysian and Indonesian radio stations are available as is BBC; a number of Internet service radio stations are also available (2019) | public broadcaster operates 3 channels with the third channel - a satellite channel - introduced in 2007; various privately owned commercial TV broadcasters operate national and multiple regional channels; many privately owned local TV stations; multi-channel cable and satellite TV services available; publicly owned broadcaster operates 3 radio networks; many privately owned commercial broadcasters, with repeater stations in various regions throughout the country |
Transportation
| Singapore | Lithuania | |
|---|---|---|
| Roadways | total: 3,500 km (2017) paved: 3,500 km (includes 164 km of expressways) (2017) | total: 84,166 km (2012) paved: 72,297 km (includes 312 km of expressways) (2012) unpaved: 11,869 km (2012) |
| Pipelines | 3220 km domestic gas (2014), 1122 km cross-border pipelines (2017), 8 km refined products (2013) | 1921 km gas, 121 km refined products (2013) |
| Ports and terminals | major seaport(s): Singapore container port(s) (TEUs): Singapore (37,195,636) (2019) LNG terminal(s) (import): Singapore | major seaport(s): Klaipeda oil terminal(s): Butinge oil terminal LNG terminal(s) (import): Klaipeda |
| Merchant marine | total: 3,420 by type: bulk carrier 570, container ship 497, general cargo 123, oil tanker 748, other 1,482 (2020) | total: 61 by type: container ship 4, general cargo 23, oil tanker 2, other 32 (2020) |
| Airports | total: 9 (2013) | total: 61 (2013) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 9 (2017) over 3,047 m: 2 (2017) 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 (2017) 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 (2017) 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2017) under 914 m: 1 (2017) | total: 22 (2017) over 3,047 m: 3 (2017) 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2017) 1,524 to 2,437 m: 7 (2017) 914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2017) under 914 m: 9 (2017) |
| National air transport system | number of registered air carriers: 4 (2020) inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 230 annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 40,401,515 (2018) annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 5,194,900,000 mt-km (2018) | number of registered air carriers: 3 (2020) inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 50 annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 26,031 (2018) |
| Civil aircraft registration country code prefix | 9V | LY |
Military
| Singapore | Lithuania | |
|---|---|---|
| Military branches | Singapore Armed Forces (aka Singapore Defense Force): Singapore Army, Republic of Singapore Navy, Republic of Singapore Air Force (includes air defense); Police Coast Guard (subordinate to the Singapore Police Force) (2021) | Lithuanian Armed Forces (Lietuvos Ginkluotosios Pajegos): Land Forces (Sausumos Pajegos), Naval Forces (Karines Juru Pajegos), Air Forces (Karines Oro Pajegos), Special Operations Forces (Specialiuju Operaciju Pajegos); National Defense Volunteer Forces (Savanoriu Pajegos); National Riflemen's Union (paramilitary force that acts as an additional reserve force) (2021) |
| Military service age and obligation | 18-21 years of age for male compulsory military service; 16 1/2 years of age for voluntary enlistment (with parental consent); 2-year conscript service obligation, with a reserve obligation to age 40 (enlisted) or age 50 (officers); women are not conscripted, but they are allowed to volunteer for all services and branches, including combat arms (2020) | 19-26 years of age for conscripted military service (males); 9-month service obligation; in 2015, Lithuania reinstated conscription after having converted to a professional military in 2008; 18-38 for voluntary service (male and female) (2019) |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | 3.3% of GDP (2020 est.) 3.2% of GDP (2019) 3.1% of GDP (2018) 3.1% of GDP (2017) 3.2% of GDP (2016) | 2.13% of GDP (2020 est.) 2% of GDP (2019) 1.97% of GDP (2018) 1.71% of GDP (2017) 1.48% of GDP (2016) |
| Military and security service personnel strengths | the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) have approximately 60,000 active duty troops (45,000 Army; 7,000 Navy; 8,000 Air Force) (2020) | the Lithuanian Armed Forces have approximately 16,000 active duty personnel (12,500 Army, including about 5,000 National Defense Voluntary Forces; 600 Navy; 1,000 Air Force; 2,000 other, including special operations forces, logistics support, training, etc); est. 11,000 Riflemen Union (2021) |
| Military equipment inventories and acquisitions | the SAF has a diverse and largely modern mix of domestically-produced and imported weapons; Singapore has the most developed arms industry in Southeast Asia and is also the largest importer of weapons; since 2010, the US is the chief supplier of arms to Singapore, followed by a diverse array of countries, including France, Germany, and Spain (2020) | the Lithuanian Armed Forces' inventory is mostly a mix of Western weapons systems and Soviet-era equipment (primarily aircraft and helicopters); Germany and the UK are the leading suppliers of armaments to Lithuania since 2010 (2020) |
| Military deployments | maintains permanent training bases and detachments of military personnel in Australia, France, and the US (2020) | contributes about 350-550 troops to the Lithuania, Poland, and Ukraine joint military brigade (LITPOLUKRBRIG), which was established in 2014; the brigade is headquartered in Warsaw and is comprised of an international staff, three battalions, and specialized units |
Transnational Issues
| Singapore | Lithuania | |
|---|---|---|
| Disputes - international | disputes with Malaysia over territorial waters, airspace, the price of fresh water delivered to Singapore from Malaysia, Singapore's extensive land reclamation works, bridge construction, and maritime boundaries in the Johor and Singapore Straits; in 2008, ICJ awarded sovereignty of Pedra Branca (Pulau Batu Puteh/Horsburgh Island) to Singapore, and Middle Rocks to Malaysia, but did not rule on maritime regimes, boundaries, or disposition of South Ledge; Indonesia and Singapore continue to work on finalization of their 1973 maritime boundary agreement by defining unresolved areas north of Indonesia's Batam Island; piracy remains a problem in the Malacca Strait | Lithuania and Russia committed to demarcating their boundary in 2006 in accordance with the land and maritime treaty ratified by Russia in May 2003 and by Lithuania in 1999; Lithuania operates a simplified transit regime for Russian nationals traveling from the Kaliningrad coastal exclave into Russia, while still conforming, as a EU member state having an external border with a non-EU member, to strict Schengen border rules; boundary demarcated with Latvia and Lithuania; as of January 2007, ground demarcation of the boundary with Belarus was complete and mapped with final ratification documents in preparation |
| Illicit drugs | drug abuse limited because of aggressive law enforcement efforts, including carrying out death sentences; as a transportation and financial services hub, Singapore is vulnerable, despite strict laws and enforcement, as a venue for money laundering | transshipment and destination point for cannabis, cocaine, ecstasy, and opiates from Southwest Asia, Latin America, Western Europe, and neighboring Baltic countries; growing production of high-quality amphetamines, but limited production of cannabis, methamphetamines; susceptible to money laundering despite changes to banking legislation |
| Refugees and internally displaced persons | stateless persons: 1,109 (2020) | stateless persons: 2,720 (2020) |
Environment
| Singapore | Lithuania | |
|---|---|---|
| Air pollutants | particulate matter emissions: 18.26 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.) carbon dioxide emissions: 37.54 megatons (2016 est.) methane emissions: 4.4 megatons (2020 est.) | particulate matter emissions: 11.49 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.) carbon dioxide emissions: 12.96 megatons (2016 est.) methane emissions: 3.15 megatons (2020 est.) |
| Total water withdrawal | municipal: 296.73 million cubic meters (2017 est.) industrial: 336.294 million cubic meters (2017 est.) agricultural: 26.376 million cubic meters (2017 est.) | municipal: 130.4 million cubic meters (2017 est.) industrial: 69.7 million cubic meters (2017 est.) agricultural: 58.9 million cubic meters (2017 est.) |
| Revenue from forest resources | forest revenues: 0% of GDP (2018 est.) | forest revenues: 0.31% of GDP (2018 est.) |
| Revenue from coal | coal revenues: 0% of GDP (2018 est.) | coal revenues: 0% of GDP (2018 est.) |
| Waste and recycling | municipal solid waste generated annually: 7,704,300 tons (2017 est.) municipal solid waste recycled annually: 4,699,623 tons (2015 est.) percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 61% (2015 est.) | municipal solid waste generated annually: 1.3 million tons (2015 est.) municipal solid waste recycled annually: 297,960 tons (2015 est.) percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 22.9% (2015 est.) |
Source: CIA Factbook
