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Qatar vs. Saudi Arabia

Demographics

QatarSaudi Arabia
Population2,479,995 (July 2021 est.)34,783,757 (July 2021 est.)

note: immigrants make up 38.3% of the total population, according to UN data (2019)
Age structure0-14 years: 12.84% (male 158,702/female 155,211)

15-24 years: 11.78% (male 203,703/female 84,323)

25-54 years: 70.66% (male 1,439,364/female 287,575)

55-64 years: 3.53% (male 66,561/female 19,600)

65 years and over: 1.19% (male 19,067/female 10,068) (2020 est.)
0-14 years: 24.84% (male 4,327,830/female 4,159,242)

15-24 years: 15.38% (male 2,741,371/female 2,515,188)

25-54 years: 50.2% (male 10,350,028/female 6,804,479)

55-64 years: 5.95% (male 1,254,921/female 778,467)

65 years and over: 3.63% (male 657,395/female 584,577) (2020 est.)
Median agetotal: 33.7 years

male: 35 years

female: 28.2 years (2020 est.)
total: 30.8 years

male: 33 years

female: 27.9 years (2020 est.)
Population growth rate1.23% (2021 est.)1.62% (2021 est.)
Birth rate9.38 births/1,000 population (2021 est.)14.56 births/1,000 population (2021 est.)
Death rate1.42 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.)3.39 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.)
Net migration rate4.3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.)5.04 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.)
Sex ratioat birth: 1.02 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.02 male(s)/female

15-24 years: 2.42 male(s)/female

25-54 years: 5.01 male(s)/female

55-64 years: 3.4 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 1.89 male(s)/female

total population: 3.39 male(s)/female (2020 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female

15-24 years: 1.09 male(s)/female

25-54 years: 1.52 male(s)/female

55-64 years: 1.61 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 1.12 male(s)/female

total population: 1.3 male(s)/female (2020 est.)
Infant mortality ratetotal: 6.7 deaths/1,000 live births

male: 7.3 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 6.08 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.)
total: 12.58 deaths/1,000 live births

male: 13.86 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 11.24 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.)
Life expectancy at birthtotal population: 79.58 years

male: 77.47 years

female: 81.74 years (2021 est.)
total population: 76.4 years

male: 74.81 years

female: 78.07 years (2021 est.)
Total fertility rate1.9 children born/woman (2021 est.)1.95 children born/woman (2021 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate<.1% (2020 est.)<.1% (2020 est.)
Nationalitynoun: Qatari(s)

adjective: Qatari
noun: Saudi(s)

adjective: Saudi or Saudi Arabian
Ethnic groupsnon-Qatari 88.4%, Qatari 11.6% (2015 est.)Arab 90%, Afro-Asian 10%
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS<200 (2020 est.)12,000 (2020 est.)
ReligionsMuslim 65.2%, Christian 13.7%, Hindu 15.9%, Buddhist 3.8%, folk religion <.1%, Jewish <.1%, other <1%, unaffiliated <1% (2020 est.)Muslim (official; citizens are 85-90% Sunni and 10-15% Shia), other (includes Eastern Orthodox, Protestant, Roman Catholic, Jewish, Hindu, Buddhist, and Sikh) (2012 est.)

note: despite having a large expatriate community of various faiths (more than 30% of the population), most forms of public religious expression inconsistent with the government-sanctioned interpretation of Sunni Islam are restricted; non-Muslims are not allowed to have Saudi citizenship and non-Muslim places of worship are not permitted (2013)
HIV/AIDS - deaths<100 (2020 est.)<200 (2020 est.)
LanguagesArabic (official), English commonly used as a second language

major-language sample(s):
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The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Arabic (official)

major-language sample(s):
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The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Literacydefinition: age 15 and over can read and write

total population: 93.5%

male: 92.4%

female: 94.7% (2017)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write

total population: 95.3%

male: 97.1%

female: 92.7% (2017)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)total: 12 years

male: 12 years

female: 14 years (2019)
total: 17 years

male: 16 years

female: 16 years (2019)
Education expenditures2.7% of GDP (2019)NA
Urbanizationurban population: 99.3% of total population (2021)

rate of urbanization: 1.66% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
urban population: 84.5% of total population (2021)

rate of urbanization: 1.69% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Drinking water sourceimproved: total: 100% of population

unimproved: total: 0% of population (2017 est.)
improved: total: 100% of population

unimproved: total: 0% of population (2017 est.)
Sanitation facility accessimproved: total: 100% of population

unimproved: total: 0% of population (2017 est.)
improved: total: 100% of population

unimproved: total: 0% of population (2017 est.)
Major cities - populationAr-Rayyan 750,000, 646,000 DOHA (capital) (2021)7.388 million RIYADH (capital), 4.697 million Jeddah, 2.079 million Mecca, 1.518 million Medina, 1.279 million Ad Dammam, 1.279 million Hufuf-Mubarraz (2021)
Maternal mortality rate9 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)17 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)
Health expenditures2.5% (2018)6.4% (2018)
Physicians density2.49 physicians/1,000 population (2018)2.61 physicians/1,000 population (2018)
Hospital bed density1.3 beds/1,000 population (2017)2.2 beds/1,000 population (2017)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate35.1% (2016)35.4% (2016)
Contraceptive prevalence rate37.5% (2012)24.6% (2016)
Dependency ratiostotal dependency ratio: 18.1

youth dependency ratio: 16.1

elderly dependency ratio: 2

potential support ratio: 50.1 (2020 est.)
total dependency ratio: 39.3

youth dependency ratio: 34.4

elderly dependency ratio: 4.9

potential support ratio: 20.5 (2020 est.)

Source: CIA Factbook