Kazakhstan vs. Russia
Demographics
| Kazakhstan | Russia | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 19,245,793 (July 2021 est.) | 142,320,790 (July 2021 est.) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 26.13% (male 2,438,148/female 2,550,535) 15-24 years: 12.97% (male 1,262,766/female 1,212,645) 25-54 years: 42.23% (male 3,960,188/female 4,102,845) 55-64 years: 10.25% (male 856,180/female 1,099,923) 65 years and over: 8.43% (male 567,269/female 1,041,450) (2020 est.) | 0-14 years: 17.24% (male 12,551,611/female 11,881,297) 15-24 years: 9.54% (male 6,920,070/female 6,602,776) 25-54 years: 43.38% (male 30,240,260/female 31,245,104) 55-64 years: 14.31% (male 8,808,330/female 11,467,697) 65 years and over: 15.53% (male 7,033,381/female 14,971,679) (2020 est.) |
| Median age | total: 31.6 years male: 30.3 years female: 32.8 years (2020 est.) | total: 40.3 years male: 37.5 years female: 43.2 years (2020 est.) |
| Population growth rate | 0.81% (2021 est.) | -0.2% (2021 est.) |
| Birth rate | 15.87 births/1,000 population (2021 est.) | 9.71 births/1,000 population (2021 est.) |
| Death rate | 8.14 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.) | 13.4 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.) |
| Net migration rate | 0.39 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.) | 1.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.) |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 0.94 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.78 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.54 male(s)/female total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2020 est.) | at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.77 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.47 male(s)/female total population: 0.86 male(s)/female (2020 est.) |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 19.59 deaths/1,000 live births male: 22.18 deaths/1,000 live births female: 17.17 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.) | total: 6.51 deaths/1,000 live births male: 7.38 deaths/1,000 live births female: 5.58 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.) |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 72.25 years male: 67.12 years female: 77.06 years (2021 est.) | total population: 72.16 years male: 66.61 years female: 78.05 years (2021 est.) |
| Total fertility rate | 2.13 children born/woman (2021 est.) | 1.6 children born/woman (2021 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate | 0.3% (2020 est.) | 1.2% (2017 est.) |
| Nationality | noun: Kazakhstani(s) adjective: Kazakhstani | noun: Russian(s) adjective: Russian |
| Ethnic groups | Kazakh (Qazaq) 68%, Russian 19.3%, Uzbek 3.2%, Ukrainian 1.5%, Uighur 1.5%, Tatar 1.1%, German 1%, other 4.4% (2019 est.) | Russian 77.7%, Tatar 3.7%, Ukrainian 1.4%, Bashkir 1.1%, Chuvash 1%, Chechen 1%, other 10.2%, unspecified 3.9% (2010 est.) note: nearly 200 national and/or ethnic groups are represented in Russia's 2010 census |
| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS | 35,000 (2020 est.) | 1 million (2017 est.) |
| Religions | Muslim 70.2%, Christian 26.2% (mainly Russian Orthodox), other 0.2%, atheist 2.8%, unspecified 0.5% (2009 est.) | Russian Orthodox 15-20%, Muslim 10-15%, other Christian 2% (2006 est.) note: estimates are of practicing worshipers; Russia has large populations of non-practicing believers and non-believers, a legacy of over seven decades of official atheism under Soviet rule; Russia officially recognizes Orthodox Christianity, Islam, Judaism, and Buddhism as the country's traditional religions |
| HIV/AIDS - deaths | <500 (2020 est.) | NA |
| Languages | Kazakh (official, Qazaq) 83.1% (understand spoken language) and trilingual (Kazakh, Russian, English) 22.3% (2017 est.); Russian (official, used in everyday business, designated the "language of interethnic communication") 94.4% (understand spoken language) (2009 est.) major-language sample(s): ??????? ???????? ??????, ??????? ?????????? ???????????? ????. (Kazakh) ????? ?????? ? ???? - ??????????? ???????? ??????? ??????????. (Russian) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. | Russian (official) 85.7%, Tatar 3.2%, Chechen 1%, other 10.1%; note - data represent native language spoken (2010 est.) major-language sample(s): ????? ?????? ? ???? - ??????????? ???????? ??????? ??????????. (Russian) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99.8% male: 99.8% female: 99.8% (2015) | definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99.7% male: 99.7% female: 99.7% (2018) |
| School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) | total: 16 years male: 15 years female: 16 years (2019) | total: 16 years male: 16 years female: 16 years (2018) |
| Education expenditures | 2.6% of GDP (2018) | 4.7% of GDP (2017) |
| Urbanization | urban population: 57.8% of total population (2021) rate of urbanization: 1.19% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) | urban population: 74.9% of total population (2021) rate of urbanization: 0.11% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) |
| Drinking water source | improved: urban: 100% of population rural: 93.8% of population total: 97.4% of population unimproved: urban: 0% of population rural: 6.2% of population total: 2.6% of population (2017 est.) | improved: urban: 98.6% of population rural: 94.2% of population total: 97.1% of population unimproved: urban: 1.4% of population rural: 5.8% of population total: 2.9% of population (2017 est.) |
| Sanitation facility access | improved: urban: 99.9% of population rural: 100% of population total: 99.9% of population unimproved: urban: 0.1% of population rural: 0% of population total: 0.1% of population (2017 est.) | improved: urban: 94.8% of population rural: 78.1% of population total: 90.5% of population unimproved: urban: 5.2% of population rural: 21.9% of population total: 9.5% of population (2017 est.) |
| Major cities - population | 1.928 million Almaty, 1.212 million NUR-SULTAN (capital), 1.093 million Shimkent (2021) | 12.593 million MOSCOW (capital), 5.504 million Saint Petersburg, 1.676 million Novosibirsk, 1.513 million Yekaterinburg, 1.280 million Kazan, 1.255 million Nizhniy Novgorod (2021) |
| Maternal mortality rate | 10 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.) | 17 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.) |
| Health expenditures | 2.9% (2018) | 5.3% (2018) |
| Physicians density | 3.98 physicians/1,000 population (2014) | 3.75 physicians/1,000 population (2015) |
| Hospital bed density | 6.1 beds/1,000 population (2014) | 8.1 beds/1,000 population (2017) |
| Obesity - adult prevalence rate | 21% (2016) | 23.1% (2016) |
| Mother's mean age at first birth | 28.9 years (2019 est.) | 25.2 years (2013 est.) |
| Contraceptive prevalence rate | 53% (2018) note: percent of women aged 18-49 | 68% (2011) note: percent of women aged 15-44 |
| Dependency ratios | total dependency ratio: 58.8 youth dependency ratio: 46.3 elderly dependency ratio: 12.6 potential support ratio: 8 (2020 est.) | total dependency ratio: 51.2 youth dependency ratio: 27.8 elderly dependency ratio: 23.5 potential support ratio: 4.3 (2020 est.) |
Source: CIA Factbook
