Ethiopia vs. Sudan
Demographics
| Ethiopia | Sudan | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 110,871,031 (July 2021 est.) note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected | 46,751,152 (July 2021 est.) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 39.81% (male 21,657,152/female 21,381,628) 15-24 years: 19.47% (male 10,506,144/female 10,542,128) 25-54 years: 32.92% (male 17,720,540/female 17,867,298) 55-64 years: 4.42% (male 2,350,606/female 2,433,319) 65 years and over: 3.38% (male 1,676,478/female 1,977,857) (2020 est.) | 0-14 years: 42.01% (male 9,726,937/female 9,414,988) 15-24 years: 20.94% (male 4,852,903/female 4,687,664) 25-54 years: 29.89% (male 6,633,567/female 6,986,241) 55-64 years: 4.13% (male 956,633/female 923,688) 65 years and over: 3.03% (male 729,214/female 649,721) (2020 est.) |
| Median age | total: 19.8 years male: 19.6 years female: 20.1 years (2020 est.) | total: 18.3 years male: 18.1 years female: 18.5 years (2020 est.) |
| Population growth rate | 2.5% (2021 est.) | 2.55% (2021 est.) |
| Birth rate | 31.03 births/1,000 population (2021 est.) | 33.63 births/1,000 population (2021 est.) |
| Death rate | 5.8 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.) | 6.41 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.) |
| Net migration rate | -0.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.) | -1.71 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.) |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2020 est.) | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 0.95 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.12 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2020 est.) |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 34.62 deaths/1,000 live births male: 39.56 deaths/1,000 live births female: 29.53 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.) | total: 43.15 deaths/1,000 live births male: 48.66 deaths/1,000 live births female: 37.36 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.) |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 67.9 years male: 65.79 years female: 70.06 years (2021 est.) | total population: 66.79 years male: 64.58 years female: 69.11 years (2021 est.) |
| Total fertility rate | 4.07 children born/woman (2021 est.) | 4.66 children born/woman (2021 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate | 0.9% (2020 est.) | 0.2% (2020 est.) |
| Nationality | noun: Ethiopian(s) adjective: Ethiopian | noun: Sudanese (singular and plural) adjective: Sudanese |
| Ethnic groups | Oromo 34.9%, Amhara (Amara) 27.9%, Tigray (Tigrinya) 7.3%, Sidama 4.1%, Welaita 3%, Gurage 2.8%, Somali (Somalie) 2.7%, Hadiya 2.2%, Afar (Affar) 0.6%, other 12.6% (2016 est.) | unspecified Sudanese Arab (approximately 70%), Fur, Beja, Nuba, Fallata |
| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS | 620,000 (2020 est.) | 49,000 (2020 est.) |
| Religions | Ethiopian Orthodox 43.8%, Muslim 31.3%, Protestant 22.8%, Catholic 0.7%, traditional 0.6%, other 0.8% (2016 est.) | Sunni Muslim, small Christian minority |
| HIV/AIDS - deaths | 13,000 (2020 est.) | 2,300 (2020 est.) |
| Languages | Oromo (official working language in the State of Oromiya) 33.8%, Amharic (official national language) 29.3%, Somali (official working language of the State of Sumale) 6.2%, Tigrigna (Tigrinya) (official working language of the State of Tigray) 5.9%, Sidamo 4%, Wolaytta 2.2%, Gurage 2%, Afar (official working language of the State of Afar) 1.7%, Hadiyya 1.7%, Gamo 1.5%, Gedeo 1.3%, Opuuo 1.2%, Kafa 1.1%, other 8.1%, English (major foreign language taught in schools), Arabic (2007 est.) major-language sample(s): Kitaaba Addunyaa Waan Qabataamaatiif - Kan Madda Odeeffannoo bu'uraawaatiif baay'ee barbaachisaa ta'e. (Oromo) ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???? (Amharic) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. | Arabic (official), English (official), Nubian, Ta Bedawie, Fur major-language sample(s): ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????????? ??? ????????? ???????? (Arabic) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. (English) |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 51.8% male: 57.2% female: 44.4% (2017) | definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 60.7% male: 65.4% female: 56.1% (2018) |
| Major infectious diseases | degree of risk: very high (2020) food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria and dengue fever water contact diseases: schistosomiasis animal contact diseases: rabies respiratory diseases: meningococcal meningitis | degree of risk: very high (2020) food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria, dengue fever, and Rift Valley fever water contact diseases: schistosomiasis animal contact diseases: rabies respiratory diseases: meningococcal meningitis |
| Food insecurity | widespread lack of access: due to civil conflict - more than 16 million people were estimated to be severely food insecure in the May-June 2021 period; particular concerns exist for the Tigray Region and neighboring zones of Amhara and Afar regions, where 5.5 million people (about 60 percent of the population) are estimated to face severe food insecurity due to the conflict which started in November 2020 (2021) | severe localized food insecurity: due to conflict, civil insecurity, and soaring food prices - the number of severely food insecure people was estimated at 9.8 million in the June-September 2021 period, due to flood-induced livelihood losses sustained in 2020, soaring food prices and inter-communal conflict; the main drivers are macro-economic challenges resulting in rampant food and non-food inflation, the lingering impact of 2020 widespread floods on livelihoods and the escalation of inter-communal violence in western Greater Darfur Region and in eastern South Kordofan, North Kordofan and Blue Nile states (2021) |
| School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) | total: 9 years male: 8 years female: 8 years (2012) | total: 8 years male: 8 years female: 7 years (2015) |
| Education expenditures | 4.7% of GDP (2015) | NA |
| Urbanization | urban population: 22.2% of total population (2021) rate of urbanization: 4.4% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) | urban population: 35.6% of total population (2021) rate of urbanization: 3.43% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) |
| Drinking water source | improved: urban: 97% of population rural: 61.7% of population total: 68.9% of population unimproved: urban: 3% of population rural: 38.3% of population total: 31.1% of population (2017 est.) | improved: urban: 99% of population rural: 80.7% of population total: 87% of population unimproved: urban: 1% of population rural: 19.3% of population total: 13% of population (2017 est.) |
| Sanitation facility access | improved: urban: 49.7% of population rural: 5.7% of population total: 14.7% of population unimproved: urban: 50.3% of population rural: 94.3% of population total: 85.3% of population (2017 est.) | improved: urban: 72.1% of population rural: 30.6% of population total: 44.9% of population unimproved: urban: 27.9% of population rural: 69.4% of population total: 55.1% of population (2017 est.) |
| Major cities - population | 5.006 million ADDIS ABABA (capital) (2021) | 5.989 million KHARTOUM (capital), 967,000 Nyala (2021) |
| Maternal mortality rate | 401 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.) | 295 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.) |
| Children under the age of 5 years underweight | 21.1% (2019) | 33% (2014) |
| Health expenditures | 3.3% (2018) | 4.5% (2018) |
| Physicians density | 0.08 physicians/1,000 population (2018) | 0.26 physicians/1,000 population (2017) |
| Hospital bed density | 0.3 beds/1,000 population (2016) | 0.7 beds/1,000 population (2017) |
| Obesity - adult prevalence rate | 4.5% (2016) | 6.6% (2014) |
| Contraceptive prevalence rate | 37% (2019) | 12.2% (2014) |
| Dependency ratios | total dependency ratio: 76.8 youth dependency ratio: 70.6 elderly dependency ratio: 6.3 potential support ratio: 16 (2020 est.) | total dependency ratio: 76.9 youth dependency ratio: 70.4 elderly dependency ratio: 6.5 potential support ratio: 15.4 (2020 est.) |
Source: CIA Factbook
