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Capitale
nome: Damascus
coordinate geografiche: 33 30 N, 36 18 E
differenza di tempo: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins midnight on the last Friday in March; ends at midnight on the last Friday in October
etymology: Damascus is a very old city; its earliest name, Temeseq, first appears in an Egyptian geographical list of the 15th century B.C., but the meaning is uncertain
Indipendenza
17 Aprile 1946 (from League of Nations mandate under French administration)
Festa nazionale
Giorno Di Indipendenza (Evacuation Day), 17 Aprile (1946); note - celebrates the leaving of the last French troops and the proclamation of full independence
Costituzione
history: several previous; latest issued 15 Febbraio 2012, passed by referendum and effective 27 Febbraio 2012
amendments: proposed by the president of the republic or by one third of the People’s Assembly members; following review by a special Assembly committee, passage requires at least three-quarters majority vote by the Assembly and approval by the president (2016)
Suffragio
18 anni; universal
Ramo esecutivo
capo dello stato: Presidente Bashar al-ASAD (da allora 17 July 2000); Vice Presidente Najah al-ATTAR (da allora 23 March 2006)
capo di governo: Prime Minister Imad Muhammad Dib KHAMIS (da allora 22 June 2016); Deputy Prime Minister Walid al-MUALEM (da allora 23 June 2012)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president
elections/appointments: president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 7-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 3 June 2014 (next to be held in June 2021); the president appoints the vice presidents, prime minister, and deputy prime ministers
election results: Bashar al-ASAD elected president; percent of vote - Bashar al-ASAD (Ba'th Party) 88.7%, Hassan al-NOURI (independent) 4.3%, Maher HAJJER (independent) 3.2%, other/invalid 3.8%

Fonte: CIA World Factbook - Aggiornato a partire da dicembre 31, 2019